Utachiona hwevanhu nehutachiona hupatitis hunowanzoitika mumakore akawanda mudiki. Ndicho chikonzero mamiriro ezvinhu apo hepatitis B panguva yekudzivirira inowanikwa mune mukadzi kwekutanga, haisi isiri. Ichokwadi kuti mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ndeapi apo kuedza kwemavara evhapiti yehutachikiti kunowanikwa pachikwata chekuita pamuviri. Zvisinei, muhupenyu chaihwo, kuongororwa kwehutachiona hwehutachipatta kazhinji kunowanikwa kunze kwemashure ekudzivirira. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu aya, chiremba wekuchirapa-gynecologist, chiremba wehutachiona hwehutachiona uye murume nemudzimai vakaroorana vanoda kukurukura mamiriro acho pamwe pamwe nekugadzirisa nyaya dzakawanda.
Kana hepatitis yave ichinyatsoonekwa kunyange padanho rerongwa hwemhuri, kudiwa uye nekukurumidzira kwekutanga-mishonga kurapwa kwehutachiona hepatitis inokurukurwa zvakare nevadzidzisi. Panguva imwecheteyo, munhu anofanira kupfuurira kubva pamikana yekurapa, kuitika chaiyo kwechikonzero chekurapa panguva yekuzvitakura. Uyezve zvakakosha kuwirirana zvose izvi nekudikanwa kunonoka kutora pamuviri kwenguva - kusvika pagore mushure mokupera kwerapi.
Kushandisa hepatitis panguva yekuzvitakura
Imwe yezvakakuvadza zvikuru zvehupatitis B munguva yekusununguka ndekutyisidzira kwekutapurirwa kwepiruterine ye fetus. Kupararira kwemavara (kutapurirwa kwehutachiwana kubva kuna amai kuenda kune fetus) kunokwanisika nemhando dzakasiyana dzehupatitis mu etiology uye inowanzosiyana. Kazhinji kacho, hutachiona hweH hepatitis B hunoitika uye kusvika pamwero muduku C. Kuwana mwana ane chirwere chetachiona hepatitis A kana E kunogona kungoitika chete panguva yekuberekwa pachako pakatarisana nehuwandu hwekushaya hepatitis muamai. Kana chirwere chinonzi intrauterine chekuberekwa chikaitika mumavambo ekutanga ekudzivirira, inenge nguva dzose inoguma mukupererwa pamuviri. Hazvibviri kukanganisa izvi. Saka mutumbi "unokonzera" fetus isingasviki. Apo mwana akaberekwa ane utachiona mune zvikamu zvekare zvekuzvitora, mukadzi anobereka mwana akararama asi ane utachiona, uye dzimwe nguva atova nemigumisiro yehutachiona hwakagadzirwa. Inofungidzirwa kuti vanenge 10 muzana yevana vachangoberekwa vakaberekwa kubva kumadzimai vane hepatitis B vatakuri vanogona kutapukirwa muUtero. Muhupo hwe hepatitis inobata pamuviri wakaoma, utachiona hunogona kutotanga kuva nevana makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana kubva mucheche. Ndicho chikonzero tsanangudzo yezviratidzo zvekuberekwa kwehutachiwana uye nhamba yaro muropa (utachiona mutoro) inokosha zvikuru. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha mumutsara wechipiri uye wechitatu wekuzvitakura, zvichikubvumira kuti uongorore dambudziko rekutsvaga kwekuwedzera kwehepatitis muchechecheche. Kazhinji kacho, hutachiona hunoitika zvakananga panguva yekuberekwa kana munguva pfupi yekupedzisira, apo amai vane utachiona vanopinda mumugero wekuberekwa kuburikidza nekuberekwa kwechirwere kuchiganda. Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinoitika kana mwana achisima ropa uye amniotic fluid yaamai panguva yekuberekwa.
Nzira yekudzivirira sei utachiona hwemwana
Kuchengetedza utachiona mukutakura, basa rinokosha rinowanikwa nemaitiro ekutakura. Zvinosuruvarisa, hachiri nechinangwa chekuona nezvekuzvarwa kwevakadzi vanozvitakura vane utachiona hwehupatitis B. Kune dhesi iyo inogona kuve nehutachiona hwemwana inoderera munguva yechirongwa chakarongwa chekudzivirira. Zvisinei, iyi ichokwadi haisi yenyika inogamuchirwa. Pasinei nekushayikwa kwezviratidzo zvakajeka zvemaitiro ekushanda kwevakadzi vanotapukirwa nehepatitis, kuendeswa nechikamu chekushaya chirwere kunorayirwa chete pamwero wakakura wehutachiona hwehutachiona. Izvo zvinodiwawo apo mukadzi panguva imwechete anokonzera hutachiwana hutachiona hwehupatachi. Sezvo pave nepamuviri, hepatitis B inogona kudzivirirwa nehutachiona uye kurongwa kwakarongeka kwekudzivirira immunoglobulin, kutungamirirwa kwebasa mumukadzi ane chirwere chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hunotsanangurwa semuamai asina kuonekwa mukuberekwa. Kutadza kwekwakakwana kwekuchengetedza mwana kubva kune hutachiona nehupatitis panguva yekuberekwa kunoita postnatal prophylaxis inokosha. Kuchengetedza kukura kwehepatitis muzvitsva, kurwisa kuri kuitwa, kuumba mukana chaiwo wekudzivirira utachiona nehutachiona hweH hepatitis B nezvimwe zvipenyu. Vana vanobva mumapoka ane ngozi vanotemerwa panguva imwe chete, kureva kuti, vanorayirwa ne gamma globulin pamwe chete nehutachiona hwehutachiona hweH hepatitis B.Kuchengetedzwa kwepachiviriro nehuwandu hwema anti-globulin hunoitwa muchivako chekutakura. Hemukari yekurwisa hepatitis inoitwa musi wekutanga mushure mokuberekwa uye mushure megore nemwedzi mitanhatu, iyo inopa chidziviriro chema antibodies muma 95% evana vacheche.
Kuti agadzirise dambudziko rekukanganisa utachiwana hwemwana kubva kune amai vane chirwere chehepatitis panguva yekugadzirisa, zvinokurudzirwa kuitisa chirongwa chekuongorora ropa rekuberekwa kwehutachiona hwehutachiwana mairi. Kana mishonga inomwana mucheche inowanikwa mumwedzi mitatu yekutanga yehupenyu, izvi zvinoratidza kutapurika kwemukati. Kurapa kwemigumisiro yechirwere chemwana we hepatitis HIV inofanira kuitwa nekuchenjerera kwakanyanya, sezvo kazhinji hutachiona hwemadzimai hunogona kuonekwa kusvika pamwedzi 15-18. Izvi zvinogadzira mufananidzo wenhema wemamiriro emwana uye zvinotungamirira kumatanho asina musoro kuti amupore.
Ndinokwanisa kudarika chirwere ichi nekuyamwisa here?
Mikana yekuyamwisa inobva kune etiology yeviral hepatitis. Inofungidzirwa kuti kubatsirwa kwekuyamwisa chero zvipi zvayo kune yakakwirira kudarika dambudziko risingakoshi rekuparidzirwa kwechirwere kumwana. Zvechokwadi, chisarudzo chekudya kana kusamwisa-kupa mwana chinotorwa chete naamai. Zvimwe zvinokonzera ngozi zvinokonzerwa nekuputika kwakapoteredza mbiru kana aphthous kuchinjwa mumuromo wemakumbo emucheche. Vana vanoberekwa kubva kuna amai, vanotakura hepatitis B, vanogona kukurudzirwa zvakasununguka kana vachirangwa nehutachiwana munguva. Chero zvazvingaitika, kuyamwisa nekuvapo kwehepatitis HIV mumukadzi kunogona chete nekuchengeta zvakasimba mitemo yose yehutano uye kusavapo kwekudhakwa kwakanyanya mumamai.