Muna 1922, V.I. Vernadsky akavaka dzidziso ye-noosphere, umo dambudziko rekubatana kwechipi nechipi chinorarama nemakemikari akasiyana-siyana, ayo ari mukati mavo se "maratidzo", akaonekwa. Pachisipo kune zvinhu izvi, musayendisiti akabata kukoshesa zvakanyanya kuhupenyu hwehupenyu. Uye Dr. G. Schroeder akati: "Mineral zvinhu zvinotonyanya kukosha muzvokudya zvevanhu kupfuura mavhithamini ... Mavitamini akawanda anogona kuumbwa mumuviri, asi haikwanise kubudisa mamiriyoni anodiwa anoverengeka uye kubvisa zvakanyanyisa tsvina."
Kusina uye kuwedzerwa kune ngozi yakafanana
Zvimwe zvinokonzera chirwere chinokonzerwa nekushayikwa, kuwedzera kana kusawirirana kwemakemikari mumumuviri womunhu, kunonzi microelementosis. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti 4% chete yevanhu havana kuputsa kwemaminerari metabolism, uye izvi zvinetso ndizvo zvinokonzera kana zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa. Vanhu vanodarika mamiriyoni mazana matatu munyika, somuenzaniso, pane kushayikwa kweiodini (kunyanya munzvimbo dzinoshandiswa mvura). Panguva imwecheteyo munhu wese wegumi ane chimiro chakakomba, zvichiita kuti kuderera kweuchenjeri.
Mumuviri womunhu, inotsvaga zvinhu zvinowanikwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinokwana biologically zvakashanda, enzyme, mavitamini, mahomoni, kupemha pigments, nezvimwewo. Nhengo ye microelements inonyanya kuitika pamabasa emagetsi.
Iyo inonyanya kukosha pakati pezvinokosha
Ma macronutrients akadaro ndiwo calcium, magnesium, potasium, sodium.
Muviri mukuru unenge anenge 1000 g yeCALCIUM, uye 99% yawo inowanikwa mumasaga. Calcium inopa hutano hunoenderana nekushanda kwemashuga, myocardium, mishonga inotyisa, ganda, kuumbwa kwefupa temafu, kuderedza mazino, kunopinda muropa rekuvhara maitiro, serola metabolism, inotsigira homeostasis.
Zvinokonzera kushayikwa kwe calcium zvinogona kuva: kuwedzerwa kushandiswa semugumisiro wekunetseka, kuwedzera mumuviri we magnesium, potasium, sodium, iron, zinc, mutungamiri. Kuwedzerwa kwehuwandu hwahwo hunobatanidzwa nekukura kwezvirwere zvehutano hwemitsipa, kusagadzikana kwehomoni. Zvido zvezuva nezuva zvemuviri womunhu mukuru mu calcium ndi 0.8-1.2 g.
Pamusoro pe 25 g yeM MAGNESIUM iri mumutumbi, 50-60% inowanikwa mumapfupa, 1% mu extracellular fluid, iyo yose iri mumasero emuviri. Magnesium inobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kweeuromuscular conduction, inokurudzira kuumbwa kweprotein, nucleic acids, kuderedza ropa, inhibits platelet aggregation. Magnesium-ine enzyme uye ion magnesium ion inochengetedza kugadziriswa kwesimba uye mapurojekiti epurasitiki mumatomu anotyisa. Uwandu hwemagesium hunoita mutemo we lipid metabolism. Kushayikwa kwaro kunokonzera kusuruvara, mafungiro anochinja, kushaya simba kwemaviri, kuora mwoyo, tachycardia, kunowedzera ngozi yekurohwa. Chido che magnesium chinokwana 0.3-0.5 g pazuva.
Nhamba yakawanda yeZINC inowanikwa mucheche, bvudzi, musisumu mishonga, masero eropa. Iyo inoshandiswa kweprotini synthesis, inobatanidzwa mumagadzirirwo emasero ekuparadzanisa nekusiyanisa, kudzivirira masimba, pancreatic insulin basa, hematopoiesis, inotora basa rinokosha pakuita zvekuberekwa. Zinc ine simba rekudzivirira chirwere chemapetome endothelium kubva kune-atherosclerosis uye muchirwere chinonzi ischemia. Shanduro yayo inogona kuvhiringidzika pasi pesimba rekukura kwesimbi. Chikonzero chekushaya simba kweZinc kunogona kuwedzerwa kushandiswa panguva yekudzorera kwenguva yemurwere. Zuva rimwe nerimwe zvinoda munhu mukuru muzinc isiri ye 10-15 mg.
COPPER ine mavitamini akawanda, mahomoni, enzymes, kupfurikidza kwemapuru. Ichi chinhu chinobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kwemasabetism, mukugadzirisa kwekufuridzira. Mhangura inokonzera kusununguka kwemasvingo emidziyo yeropa, chimiro chemapfupa uye cartilage, chikamu chemaelin sheath yemitsipa, inoshanda pamaginhahydrate metabolism - inowedzera kusvibiswa kweglucose uye inodzivisa kuparara kweglycogen muropa. Kushayikwa kwemhangura kunoratidzirwa mukuputsa kwepidid metabolism, iyo inowedzera kukwidziridzwa kwekugadzirwa kweAristrosclerosis. Kukura kwekuwedzera, anemia, dermatosis, kubata, kuora, kurasikirwa kwepfungwa musheyro inofananidzira kushayikwa kwemhangura, izvo zvinoda kusvika 2-5 mg pazuva.
Muviri mukuru unenge anenge 3-5 g ye IRON, iyo inobatanidzwa mukuendesa kweokisijeni, maitiro emagetsi euchiidative, cholesterol metabolism, inopa maitiro ezvirwere. Kunyanya kushayikwa kwesimbi kunokonzera kuderera kwebasa re enzymes, protein-receptors, iyo inosanganisira ichi chinhu, kuputsa kwekugadzirwa kwevanhu vanokonzerwa neurotransmitters, myelin. Muzhinji, kusaenzana kwesimbi mukati memuviri kunoita kuti kuwedzera kuwedzerwa kwesimbi inotyisa mukati memutambo wenheyo. Zuva rimwe nerimwe zvinoda munhu mukuru ndeye 15 mg yesimbi.
ALUMINUM inokonzera kukurudzirwa nekuvandudzwa kwezvibatanidza, epithelial uye mapfupa emapfupa, uye zvinodanwawo kuti zvikurudzire kushanda kwemasimba ezvokudya uye enzyme.
MARGANETS inowanikwa mumatumbu uye nhengo dzose, inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehurumende, inokonzera kukura kwemasaga, inokwanisa kubatanidzwa muzvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira, maitiro ekufuridza muviri, inodzora maitiro eropa rehuga. Zuva rimwe nerimwe zvinoda manganese zvinokwana 2-7 mg.
Cobalt chikamu chevhitamini B12. Basa rayo ndiko kukurudzira kwehematopoiesis, kubatanidzwa muhuwandu hwepuroteni uye kutonga pamusoro pemakrohydrate metabolism.
Inenge yose ye fluoride mumuviri wedu inowedzera mumapfupa nemeno. Nekuwedzera kwefluoride yekudzivirira mumvura yekunwa kusvika 1-1.5 mg / l, dambudziko rekusimudzira caries rinoderera, uye kupfuura 2-3 mg / l fluorosis inogona kukura. Kudya kwe fluoride mumuviri womunhu muhuwandu hwe5,5-4 mg pazuva kunofanirwa kuve kwakanaka.
SELEN inowanikwa mune dzimwe nyoka dzinokonzera antioxidant system yemasero. Zvinokonzera kuchinjana kweprotein, lipids nemakhahydrates, inogona kuderedza kuchembera, inodzivirira kupfuurirwa kwesimbi yakaoma. Iyo yakareba yakakura ye selenium mu retina yeziso rinoratidza kubatanidzwa kwayo mu photochemical kugadzirisa kwekunzwisisa chiedza.
Zvirwere zve "kuunganidza", zvirwere zvechirwere
Nezera, zvinyorwa zvakawanda zve microelements (aluminium, chlorine, mutungamiri, fluorine, nickel) mumuviri inowedzera. Izvi zvinoratidzira muzvirwere zve "kuunganidza" -kukura chirwere cheAlzheimer, chirwere chePalinson, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Kukanganisa kana kudarika kwema macro-, microelements munguva yedu inonyanya kuenderana nemhando yezvokudya, umo zvinonatswa, zvakagadzirwa uye zvinogadzirwa nemakwenzi zvinotungamirira, mvura yakanatswa uye yakanyoroveswa kunwa. Kune izvi zvinofanira kuwedzerwa kudhakwa kwedoro. Kushungurudzika, mumuviri kana mupfungwa, kunogonawo kukonzera kusakosha kwe macro uye macroelements anodiwa.
Kuti micronutrients inotungamirirawo kune kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemishonga:
- Diuretics inogona kukonzera kukwana kwe potassium, magnesium, calcium, kuwedzera kweyamudium;
- Antacids, Citramon ine aluminium, iyo, kuunganidza, inobatsira pakuvandudzwa kwezvirwere zvinokonzera mishonga uye osteomalacia;
- Mishonga yekudzivirira, zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvinokonzera kusawirirana kwemhangura pamwe nekukwanisa kuitika kweArthritis neArthrosis.
Kushandiswa kwebasa remakiromita mumutumbi wemunhu mumishonga yepiriniki ichiripo. Mukurapa kwemamwe marudzi emapembudzi, iron, cobalt, mhangura, manganese kugadzirira zvinoshandiswa zvakanaka. Sezvinodhaka, zvinodhaka zve bromine uye iodine zvinoshandiswa zvakare. Nekurapa kwezvirwere zvehutachiona hwehutachiona, neuroprotective zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa, izvo zvine zvinhu zvinokosha zvekutsvaga (zvinobatsira pakuita zvakanyanya kwezvinodhaka uye kudzorerwa kwekushaya simba).
CHINOKOSHA! Microelements chikamu chekurapa uye kudzivirira zvinetso nemavhithamini, zvokudya zvinowedzera. Asi kugamuchirwa kwavo kusingadzorwi kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwemagetsi, izvo vanachiremba vari kunyanya kutyisidzirwa nazvo.