Matoyi evana kubva pagore kusvikira kumakore matatu anomiririrwa nehuwandu hwakakwana, uye kana ukaedza kutenga zvose zvakapiwa, saka zvichida, ukuru hwehandi rako haringatenderi.
"0 kusvika ku3 inorambidzwa"
Kutanga, tichakurukurirana nemwi nguva dzose inoratidzwa pamatayipi: "Kune vana vanopfuura makore matatu". Kunyangwe, chokwadi, kakawanda akatarisana nechokwadi chokuti chiratidzo chakadaro chiri pamatayipi akakodzera vana kubva kumakore maviri nekure. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvakakosha kuti uwane ruzivo pamusoro pekutsvaga kwete chete nerairi pairirairi, asiwo nemamwe mabhuku anobatsira.
Ini kazhinji ndinotenga mwana wangu ane makore nehafu ane makore chaiwo maikidhi ane bhaji "rakarambidzwa". Sei? Hongu, nokuti ndinotarisa mwana wangu kuti chiyikiri ichi chinonakidza uye chinobatsira, saka sei usingatangi nekambani inobatsira iri kukura kwete kubva pamakore matatu, asi, taura, imwe nehafu kusvika makore maviri apfuura. Kana iwe uchifunga nezvazvo, mumakore matatu chiyiko ichi chinogona kuva checheche uye chisingafadzi. Kungotenga pikicha iyi, unofanira kutarisa huwandu hunokosha hunoti:
- chikoti hachifaniri kunge chine zvikamu zviduku;
- Chikoyi hachifaniri kunge chiri chezvinhu zvinokuvadza uye zvinokuvadza;
- kutamba nekateyi, zvakakosha kusanganisa vanhu vaviri - mwana nemunhu mukuru;
- mushure mokunge mutamba nekoti, unofanira kuisa panzvimbo yayo (kana mubhokisi rakagadzirirwa zvemasayipi, kana mubhokisi rinochengeterwa matoyi, kana munzvimbo inenge isisvikiki kumwana kana chikoyi chisingadikanwi nemwana mukuzvidzivirira (semuenzaniso, crayons yeakisi inogona kutora vana kubva pagore, asi, sezvo vana panguva imwechete vanogona kuvhenekera, zvino zviri nani kuchengeta chinhu ichocho chekuita kwevana mune imwe nzvimbo "yakachengetwa nzvimbo").
Kukosha kwematayini mukurudzirwa kwevana vechipiri uye yechitatu yeupenyu
Basa rematayari mukurudzirwa kwemwana kubva pagore kusvika kumakore matatu zvakaoma kuongorora. Zvinobatsira pakuvandudzika kwemafambiro akanaka emagetsi, zvinonzwisisika, kugadzira nekufungidzira mafungiro, kuwedzera maonero echeche uye hutano hwake hwehupenyu. Saka, uchifunga nezvokutenga chido chenguva dzose kumwana wako, unofanirwa kuongorora zvinhu zvinokosha zvinokosha:
- yako unyanzvi hwemari;
- kushandiswa uye kukosha kwechiyiko ichi kumwana;
- hutano uye hutano hwecheyi;
- kuongorora unyanzvi uye unyanzvi uhwu, kukurudzirwa kunosimudzira chido;
- kuti uongorore kuti mwana wako anowana sei chido chitsva;
- uye, pakuguma, yeuka kuti ma teyi ari chaizvo, zvakakosha zvikuru kumwana.
Mwana anofanira kugamuchira zvigadzirwa zvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana izvo zvichabatsira pakukwidza kwayo yose. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hazvifaniri kunge zvidhori chete kana mapikichati, iyo inofanira kunge yakakura uye inomiririrwa nemakrayoni, mapirini, plasine, kuumba magasi, vavaki, makungu, toy-sorter nemapuzzles, nezvimwewo. Muchiitiko ichi, kana uchitenga chiyero, unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti mwana wacho haafaniri kutamba kwete iye oga, asiwo nekubatana kwevanhu vakuru. Mushure mezvose, zvinogara zviri nyore kudzidza zvose kana pane "shamwari pamwe nehuwandu" uyo achataura uye kuratidza, uye achitamba panguva imwe chete.
Kusarudzwa kwematayari kwakazara
Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvevana zvemazuva ano kubva kune rimwe gore kusvika kumakore matatu zvakanyanya kwazvo. Saka, hazvishamisi kuti vabereki vatarisana nerimwe dambudziko rekusarudza, dambudziko rekusarudza chido chekuda mwana wavo anodiwa. Asi zvakadaro, nenzira yakarurama, kusarudzwa kunoitwa nokukurumidza. Kana iwe uchigadzirira mberi, sarudza pane zvaunoda zvakananga, ipapo iwe uchauya kuchitoro kwete kungotenga chimwe chinhu, asi kutenga chirairo chaiyo inobatsira.
Kutanga, tichazobata nehutano hwematayipi evana kubva pagore kusvika pamakore matatu. Aya ndiwo matoyi ezvinotevera:
- hofisi yevana (wax crayons, zviratidzo zvemudiki, plastiki (poda yekuenzanisira);
- mabhuku evana kubva munyaya dzakanzi "Kuvanhu vakuru kuverenga kuvana" kana mabhuku emifananidzo;
- zvidhori zvekugezera;
- interactive toys;
- rocking-wheeling;
- vavaki vezviduku (zvinowanzova matanda);
- makerubhi, pounders;
- zvidhori nemaputi;
- machines;
- idhori;
- soft toys;
- mosaic;
- musical toys;
- puzzles;
- piramidi;
- Kuvandudza diski, kukudziridza makadhi, kuumba makateti;
- Akabatanidzwa mapuranga;
- sorters, mapuzzles;
- laces.
Kuva nemafungiro akadaro emukuru wechidiki wematayipi, zvichava nyore kuziva kuti chii chaunoda kutenga.
Kukudziridza matoyi kana matoyi "nokuda kwemashoko"?
Dambudziko rinotevera rekusarudza: chii chakutenga, kukura chiyiko kana chido "chemazwi". Panguva imwecheteyo, chero ipi zvayo iri kutamba inogona kugara iri chido chekufara, sezvinongoita chero chikwata chero chipi zvacho pasina chinangwa chekusimudzira chinogona kushanda se "yakanaka" yekubatsira mwana. Semuenzaniso, chero chido, semitemo, haisi yekudzidzira matayipi, asi chiyiko ichi chinoumba humwe hutano hwemunhu kumwana. Mwana wacho anodzidza kutarisira "mwana wekutamba". Vana vari pakati pemakore emakore kusvika kumakore matatu vanoda kufambisa zvidhori, kushambidza uye kuvapa zvokudya, kuvamisa pamubhedha, uye "kutaura" navo. Nokudaro, kubva pane zvose zvataurwa, mhedziso inotevera inotevera: ma teyi ose anodiwa uye anokosha, chero ipi zvayo inoshandisa "mupiro" wayo pakuvandudza kwomwana.
Matoyi ekugadzirwa kwevana
Vabereki vakawanda vanodzokorora rudzi urwu rwemaseyi kusvika kune ramangwana riri kure, vachitsanangura chisarudzo chavo nekuti, somuenzaniso, chii chinogona kutora mwana ane gore rimwe chete. Munyaya iyi, hongu, ndinogona kukakavara. Mwana wacho "anotora", "anonyora" uye anoratidza "nyika yake duku" kubva mumitsetse, madota nemitsara inotsvedza. Kunyora mwana crayons kana zviratidzo hazvikoshi chete, asi kunyange zvakanyanya, zvakakosha zvikuru.
Usave wakasviba kuti upende nemwana pamwechete, nyora mazwi mashomanana, akadai sekuti "Amai", "Baba", "Baba", "Zita reMwana". Iwe haugoni kungovandudza unyanzvi hwokupenda chikoro mumusoro wako, asi zvakare kuwana zvakawanda zvekunakidza manzwiro!
Asi zvisikwa zvevana hazviperi mumakrayoni uye mapepa-manzwiro. Hazvingakuvadzi kurara nemucheche kana "kupenda" maoko ako nemapuranga chaiwo. Sezvo zvinhu zvekufananidzira, ivhu rinokosha kana, iro rinodanwa, "mukanyiwa wekuumba" yakanaka. Yakachengeteka kune vaduku "vaongorori", haasi kusiya mavara emagirasi, haasvibise mashizha uye anonatswa nyore nyore mushure memaitiro anofadza.
Matoyi emapuranga emapango
Muzuva ranhasi, kunyanya kusimbiswa kunoiswa pazvisikwa zvevana vematayari. Muti kubva pane ino maonero ndiyo yakanakisisa. Nyaya yacho haisi muzvakanaka chete, asiwo mune simba rakanaka iro maikisi akaitwa nematanda anotakura mukati mavo. Tsanangudzo yematanda ematayipi aya akanaka kubata, anogara achidziya kumubata, uye nzvimbo yakafara yezvigamba zvakadaro inokudziridza kugadzirisa kunzwisisika kwekubata kwevana. Nokudaro, pasinei nokuti kushambadzira kwemazuva ano kushandiswa kwakakurumidza kubva sei kune zvinyorwa zvemazuva ano, zvigadzirwa zvematanda zvematanda pakati pavo zvicharamba zvichiita nzvimbo yavo yakakodzera. Mazuva ano matoyi emapuranga ari ehupamhi hwepamusoro, ayo akavezwa neasina-chepfu zvinhu, uye panguva imwechete inoratidzirwa nemari yakakwirira.
Matoyi emapuranga emapuranga evana kubva pagore kusvika kune matatu ndiwo mapiramidhi, vavaki, matryoshkas, inlays, kutema, cubes-sorters, puzzles dzakasiyana, pads, cubes, nezvimwe. Sezvaunogona kuona, uwandu hwevheji hwakagadzirwa nematanda hwakawanda kwazvo, saka teerera zvikuru ma teyi emhando iyi yekugadzirisa mwana wako.
Dhora uye motokari
Isu tose tave tagara tichiziva kuti idhodzi ndeyevasikana, uye motokari inzvimbo yevakomana. Uye nenzira iyi, tave tichirera amai vemadzimai mumusikana kubva paudiki achiri muduku, uye mumukomana - kana mutyairi kana kuti anopa zvokudya ... Kune rumwe rutivi, isu tose tinoda mukomana kuti ave baba vakakodzera, uye musikana haafaniri kukwanisa kutya motokari ...
Sezvo basa remapurogiramu nemichina mukurudzirwa kwomwana, pakutanga kokutanga, kuumbwa kwehutano hwemagariro mumutambo, ndinoramba ndichibatana nemaonero ekuti mapiyona, semichina, anodiwa kuvasikana nevakomana panguva imwe chete.
Pazera remakore matatu hapasisina kusiyana kwakasiyana mumutambo wevakomana nevasikana. Vanongotanga kuedza "zvishoma" zvishoma nezvishoma, kutanga pamakore maviri. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kusarudzwa kwenzira iyo mune ramangwana rekuita basa uye mufambiro wemwana ichaenda hazvirevi kungoita zvepabonde chete, asiwo pamitemo uye mararamiro emitemo iyo mwana ari kuwedzera.
Musical Instruments
Vana, sekutonga, sezviridzwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemimhanzi. Saka, usakanganwa nezvematayiri akakosha akadaro muupenyu hwemucheche semutambo wemimhanzi. Chisarudzo chemasikisi akadaro chakakura kwazvo: kubva kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana ema pianos anonzi vana vane gore rimwe chete, kumatope, mabhero, xylophone uye gitare.
Matoyi nenzira dzekukura kwekutanga
Uyu ndiwo rudzi rutsva rwekutamba. Mushure mezvose, vanhu vashomanana vaiwanzoziva kuti kune nzira dzakadaro dzinofadza dzekuvandudza kwekutanga, dzakadai senzira dzekutanga kufambira mberi kweGlen Doman, M. Montessori, hurongwa hwaNicitin, nzira yaZazev, nezvimwewo. Uye zvino isu hatisi kungoziva chete maitiro aya, asi tinewo mukana wekudzidzisa vana vedu nekubatsirwa kwezvinhu zvakakwana zvezvinhu zvakagadzirirwa zvakagadziridzwa.
Ndeipi zvidhori zvakagadzirirwa zvidzidzo nemwana maererano nenzira dzekuvandudza kwekutanga? Nokuda kwekusimbiswa kwemwana maererano neGlen Doman mbatya, pane makadhi akawanda akagadzirwa-maitiro, maitiro, mhuka, nezvimwewo. Kutenda kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvakadai, hatidi kutora nguva pakugadzira zvinhu zvekudzidzisa mwana wako. Kune makirasi nemwana, Montessori nzira inoshandisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuisa mapuranga emhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Nokuda kwekuongorora maererano netsika yaZaitsev, mazamu akawanda eZaytsev ari kutengeswa, pamwe chete nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzidzisa kubatsira kwekuvandudza mwana nenzira iri pamusoro apa. Nheyo yebhuku rekudzidzisa kuverenga maererano nenzira yeZaitsev haisi yepamusoro pezwi, kwete chidimbu uye kwete syllabic, asi pamutemo wekusungirirwa. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kana ukasarudza kubata nemwana wako uchishandisa nzira iyi, usati washandisa mari pakudzidzisa zvinhu, unofanirwa kuzvisarudzira iwe kana iwe une kukwana zvakakwana nekutsungirira. Kutanga, kuitira kuti utarise nemwana nenzira iyi, unofanirwa kuverenga bhuku rose rekudzidzisa iwe pachako, uyewo ugare pamusoro pekugadzira zvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa, sezvo chete "semi-kupedza" kudzidzira cubes inowanika kutengeswa. Chechipiri, kuti udzidzise kuunza zvakakosha, iwe unoda kugara uchitaura nemwana wako. Kune makirasi e Nikitin system, mhando dzakasiyana dzemitambo yebhobho, cubes nemapuzzles zvinotengeswa.
Kana iwe unofarira mukudziridza matayipi nenzira imwechete, verenga pamusoro pegadziriro iyi, gadzirira zvakanaka, uye uchangotenga "zvigadzi" zvemu mwana wako. Sezvo mutemo, zvidhori izvi hazvibhadhari, saka vachiri kuda kutengwa zvine njere.
Vana vanoda mabhuku here?
Pano pane pfungwa yakadaro se "fatipiyano remapfungwa". Nyaya yenyaya inonyaradza, inopa mafungiro akanaka uye inosimudzira kusimba kwakasimba uye kwakanaka. Nokudaro, kare iwe mwana wako achateerera mhemberero dzeusiku, zviri nani.
Imwe mhando yemabhuku inofanira kubudiswa kumucheche, kubva pazera remakore rimwe chete, makadhi-mabhuku. Iyo yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasimba, inokwezva mwana nemifananidzo yakavaraidza uye inonakidza. Uye nhetembo dzakanyorwa mubhuku rauchazoverenga mwana dzichakuyeukwa zvakanaka, uye mwana achakurumidza kukuudza.
Kurudzira mwana wako kuda mabhuku kubvira achiri muduku, uye ivo vachava shamwari dzake dzakatendeka kwemakore mazhinji.
Basa revana vematayini anonyorera
Vana vaduku vanoda matoyi akanaka. Zvakanaka kutamba navo uye kuvatora kuti vavate newe usiku. Kazhinji chimwe chezvinhu zviduku zviduku zvakanyanya zvinova zvinodiwa nemwana kwemakore mazhinji. Uye kunyange kana kutaridzika kwe "chipfuwo" chisingafadzi, hazvisi nyore kuparadzanisa ne "shamwari" yemucheche. Zvakakosha kubata manzwiro emwana wako nekunzwisisa uye usamboiti chisarudzo chega chega chekurasa kunze kwevana vemhando iyi.
Vana vanoda mapuzzles here?
Uye sei! Uye usatarisa zvakanyorwa: "Kuvana kubva pamakore matatu." Kungoda kusarudza mapuzzles akanaka emwana wako, maererano nezera. Puzzles ekutanga inogona kunge yakagadzikana-makarani mumhando yezviwero, uyewo makerubhi ekunyora mifananidzo. Kuonga chiyero chakadaro, chinokura zvose zviduku zvemotokari uye kufunga kwakanaka kwomwana.
Ndakataurira mwanasikana wangu puzzles mugore uye mwedzi mitatu, nokuda kwekuti mugore nehafu akanga asina kuipa pakuunganidza puzzles. Ndinokurudzira zvikuru puzzles "Sobirajka" ("Fara"). Iyo yakagadzirwa nemhando yakasimba, pane rimwe plangi inofanirwa kuunganidza zvishoma zvidhori (zvipembenene, mhuka, nezvimwewo), mifananidzo yacho inosvika mazana mashanu emapuzzles. Kutenda pamabasa akadaro, mwana anodzidza mumutambo wekuteerera pamusoro penyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzakamukomberedza, anodzidza kuboka uye anoziva zvinhu nezvinhu zvakatarwa nezvimwe zvinhu. Vanhu vanofungidzirwa uye mihanzi kwavari vachagadzirisa ruzivo rwakawanikwa munguva yemutambo.
Kuponesa kana dongo risingagumi?
Dzimwe nguva unorasikirwa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvemasayipi emazuva ano. Dzimwe nguva unoda kutenga chero zvese, asi hazvisi zvechokwadi ... Saka, zvakakosha zvikuru kuziva chiyero, uye kana uchitenga imwe chido, unofanirwa kutsanangura zvakajeka zvinangwa zvaunofanira kutakura. Muchiitiko ichi, usakanganwa kuti matayipi haafaniri kunge ari chete kukura kwevana vako, asiwo "nokuda kwemweya." Uye nokuda kweizvi pane motokari, madhokwe uye, zvechokwadi, maidhoni anodikanwa anowanikwa.