Biography yaAna Pavlova

Upenyu hwake nebasa rakafuridzirwa uye rakafadza vanhu vazhinji. Zviuru zvevasikana vaduku, vachitarisa paAna Pavlova vakatanga kurota kwe ballet uye shato, vachirota zvishoma zana zana zvekugovana tarenda yake. Uye mamiriyoni evanhu, vachitarisa kutamba kwake, vakakanganwa, kwemaminetsi mashomanana, pamusoro pezvinetso zvavo uye kunetseka, kufara nenyasha, kunaka uye nyasha dze ballerina huru. Nenzira yakanaka, vhidhiyo yezvikamu zvezviitiko zvayo zvakapona, uye chizvarwa chemazuva ano chinogonawo kubatanidzwa uye chinokonzerwa nechipo chisingawanzoiti che "swan of Russian ballet".
Zvisinei, hupenyu hwake hwakanga husiri nyore uye huri nyore. Hupenyu hwake huri huine nzvimbo dzakawanda dzera, asi chimwe chinhu chakajeka: mukurumbira wake uye mukurumbira ndiwo migumisiro yekuramba ichiita, kushanda zvakaoma, iron yekuzvidzivirira uye kusagadzikana kushivirira.

Childhood uye kurota
Anna Pavlova akaberekwa musi waJanuary 31, 1881 munharaunda yeSt. Petersburg mumhuri yemurwi uye washerwoman. Baba vake Matvey Pavlov vakafa apo musikana aiva nemakore maviri. Zvisinei, kune chikonzero chekutenda kuti akasangana naamai venyeredzi yeramangwana kare apo akanga ane pamuviri naAna. Paiva nenhema yokuti baba chaivo vaPavlova vakanga vazivikanirwa nehupenzi vainzi Lazar Polyakov, uyo amai vake vakashanda. Asi hazvikwanisi kusimbisa kana kuramba urwu ruzivo. Akasiyiwa oga naamai vake, Lyubov Fedorovna Polyakova, vakatanga kurarama muLigovo pedyo neSt. Petersburg.

Mhuri yacho yairarama zvakanyanya, asi amai vacho vakaedza nguva nenguva kuti vafadze mwanasikana wavo vane zvipo uye zvinonakidza zvekunakidzwa kwevana. Saka, apo musikana uyu aiva nemakore 8, amai vake vakaenda naye kuMariinsky Theatre kokutanga. Pazuva iroro, mutambo "Kurara Zvakanaka" waiva pamatambo. Muchiitiko chechipiri, vaduku vaduku vakaita bhande rakanaka uye amai vakabvunza Anya kana achida kutamba nenzira imwecheteyo. Iyo iyo musikana yakanyatsopindura kuti kwete, iye anoda kutamba, kufanana nebhota ballerina inobata Kurara Kunaka.

Kubva musi iwoyo chaiyo, ramangwana rekutanga harina kufungidzira kune rimwe dambudziko rega, kunze kwekuti tingarondedzera sei hupenyu hwake kumabhallet. Akamanikidza amai vake kuti vamutumire kuchikoro che ballet. Zvisinei, musikana haana kutorwa pakarepo, sezvo akanga asati ava nemakore gumi. Nokuti nguva iripo, kurota kwekuva ballerina hakuna kukanganiswa, asi kunongowedzera kusimbiswa. Uye makore mashoma gare gare, Anya Pavlov akagamuchirwa kuImperial Ballet School.

Dzidza muchikoro che ballet
Chirango muImperial School yeBallet chakanga chakafanana nemamongi. Zvisinei, ivo vakadzidzisa pano zvakakwana, iyi ndiyo iyo nzira yeklasi yeRussia ballet yakachengetedzwa.

Anna Pavlova haana kutambura nekurangwa kwakasimba uye chirairo chechikoro, nokuti akanga akanyatsogadzirirwa mune zvidzidzo uye vose vakazvipa kuzvikoro mumabasa ekutsvaga uye kuvhota. Zvimwe zvinomutsamwisa, sezvazvakaita saizvozvo, kusakwana kwake mundiro chaiyo. Ichokwadi ndechekuti panguva iyoyo vasikana vemitambo, vane simba rakagadzirwa skeleton nemisungo, vaifungidzirwa kuti ndeyero ye ballerina, sezvo zvaive nyore kuti vaite maitiro akasiyana-siyana akaoma uye pirouettes. Uye Anna akanga akapfava, akapfava, akanaka, aive "akajeka" uye saka haana kuonekwa semudzidzi anovimbisa. Zvisinei, vadzidzisi vake vakatora nguva mukati mavo kuti vaone chii chakaita kuti iye amire pakati pevamwe vatambi: plastiki inoshamisa uye nyasha, uye zvakakosha - kukwanisa kudzokorora uye "kumutsidzira" manzwiro nemanzwiro evaya heroines yaakaita. "Kushushikana" kwake, kubhururuka uye kusununguka kwakazadza kutamba nerunako runoshamisa uye chakavanzika. Saka, "kusava" kwake kwakashandurwa kuva chiremera chisingaoneki.

Mariinsky Theatre uye kubudirira
Muna 1899, Anna Pavlova akapedza kudzidza kuchikoro che ballet ndokubva agamuchirwa mu Mariinsky Theatre. Pakutanga iye aigutsikana nedzimwe chikamu. Asi zvishoma nezvishoma, pamusana pemaitiro ake asina kujairika, mupfungwa uye mumweya yekutamba, vateereri vakatanga kuimbira pakati pevamwe vateereri vemafirimu. Akatanga kupa mabasa anokosha uye anokosha, kutanga anotanga chikamu chechipiri, uye akatotamira kune mabasa ekutanga.

Muna 1902, iyo inotamba mu "La Bayadere" inoita kuti vateereri nevadzidzisi vateerere. Uye muna 1903 Papvelova yakatanga kuonekwa pachikamu cheBolshoi Theatre. Kubva panguva ino inotanga kukunda kwayo pachigaro cheRussia. Kune zviitiko zve "The Nutcracker", "Humpbacked Horse", "Raymonda", "Giselle", apo Pavlova anoita masangano anotungamirira.

Basa rinokosha mubasa rake rokutamba rakadhirwa naMikhail Fokin. Kuvonga kubatana kwavo kwekusika, danho rinoshamisa uye risina kujairika rakaberekwa - kugadzirwa kwe "Swan" kumimhanzi yaSaint-Saens. Pfungwa iyi yemaminitsi maviri akaberekwa pakarepo, uye kudhanha pachayo kwaiva kunyatsogadzirisa. Asi akaurayiwa zvakanyanya, achinyatsojeka uye achifadza kuti akakunda mwoyo yevataridzi pane imwe nguva, gare gare akagamuchira zita rokuti "Dying Ding", iro rakazova nhamba ye korona uye kadhi rinoshanyira yaAna Pavlova.

Munyori weSaint-Saens pachake akabvuma gare gare kuti asati aona kutamba kwaPavlova nemimhanzi yake, haana kumbofungidzira kuti basa rakanaka raakange aita.

Kuratidzwa uye yeboka
Kubva muna 1909, kuratidzwa kwenyika yaAna Pavlova kunotanga. Kuzivikanwa kwenyika uye kubvumirwa kwaari kunounza zvibereko zve "Nguva dzeRussia" naSergei Diaglev mumutauro weFrance. Zvisinei, anofarira rusununguko rwekusika nekurota kwekuzvigadzirira boka rake. Uye muna 1910 akasiya Mariinsky Theatre ndokutanga kutarisa ari oga ne ballet yake. Nzvimbo yekutaura kwayo inobatanidza nyika yose: Europe, America, Asia, Far East. Uye kwose kwaaienda, vateereri vakagamuchira iye senyeredzi yakajeka yenyika. Pavlova akapa zviitiko zvakasiyana pazuva, achiisa nziyo dzake dzose mumitambo uye asingaregi tsitsi kune hutano hwake, hwaaive nawo kubva paudiki uye asina kunyanya kusimba. Kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri emakore ekushanyirwa kwekusingaperi, yakadarika zvinopfuura 8 000 maitiro. Vanotaura kuti kwegore iye aifanira kupfeka zvishoma zvuru zvitanho.

Anna Pavlova naVictor Dendre
Upenyu hwehupenyu hwaAna Pavlova hwaive hwakavigwa hwakavanzika kubva pakuona maziso. Bhoererina pachake akataura kuti mhuri yake ndiyo yemitambo uye ballet, uye naizvozvo kushamiswa kwevakadzi kunofadza, kwakadai semurume nevana, hazvisi yake. Zvisinei, kunyange zvazvo akanga asiri pamutemo shure kwomurume wake, murume wemwoyo wake aigara aineye.

Victor Dendre muzvinjiniya weRussia uye muzvinabhizimisi ane midzi yeFrance. Kubatana kwavo naVaPavlova kwakanga kusiri nyore, vakabva vaparadzana, zvakare vakashandura zvakare. Muna 1910, Dendre akasungwa uye akapomerwa mhosva yekuparara. Anna Pavlova akapa mari yakawanda kuti adzikinure mudiwa wake. Vanotaura kuti yakanga iripo kuti atore mari yakakodzera yekusunungurwa kwake, haana kuzvichengetedza uye akatamba kuneta kwe 9-10 maitiro pavhiki, achitarisa nyika.

Victor Dendre akaita basa, achitaura mumutauro wemazuva ano, muveki Anna Pavlova. Kuronga marwendo ayo, press conference uye zvidzidzo zvemafoto. Vakatenga imba munharaunda yeLondon, nemadziva makuru uye, zvechokwadi, white swans, kwavakagara pamwe naAna.

Asi chaive Dendra uyo akanyora purogiramu yakabatikana uye yakatakura nguva yevheti yevheti yevheti uye marwendo, achiedza kubvisa zvose kubva kwaari, asingatauri Anna pachake, kana utano hwake. Zvichida izvi ndizvo zvakaita basa rinokosha mukufa kwake kusina nguva.

Anna Pavlova akafa musi waJanuary 23, 1931, kubva pineumonia, asina kumbogara kwevhiki pasati apera makumi mashanu ekuberekwa kwake. Panguva yekushanya muNetherlands pachitima, umo Anna aifamba neboka racho, kuparara kwakaitika. Pavlova akasiya motokari iri nechepamusoro-soro ane jira remakwai rakakandwa pamusoro pemapfudzi ake. Uye shure kwemazuva mashomanana akarwara neine pneumonia. Vanotaura kuti pavakafa, mazwi ake okupedzisira aiti "Nditorei jasi rangu reku Swan" - kunyange pamubhedha wake, akaenderera mberi kufunga nezve ballet.