Zvimwe zvingasarudzwa
Paunenge uchinyorwa nekubvunzurudzwa kwemukadzi, chiremba achakutumira kune miedzo yakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kusarudzwa kweropa rega uye Rh factor. Sezvo wakagamuchira mhinduro, chiremba achakumbira kutumidza boka racho ne rhesus yebaba mwana wemunguva yemberi. Kana aunganidza data pamwe chete, achati pamusoro pemikana yekukakavara pakati pako ne fetus. Zvinokwanisika here kuti ropa revanhu vaviri vari pedo, iwe iwe nemwana, unogona "kukakavara"? Nhamo, hongu. Mushure mezvose, ine mabasa ayo - kutsigira basa rinokosha rehupenyu uye kwete kuisa mu "imba" yevasingazivi, iyo inhengo yeropa rakasiyana muboka uye rhesus. Kune mazana mana emaropa ekuongororwa panguva yekuzvitakura, ane mazita ekutevera: I = 0 (zero), II = A, lll = B, IV = AB.
Saka, iwe une migumisiro yekuongororwa kwakaitwa. Iye zvino unogona kuverenga neboka ripi rinogona kuberekwa mwana. Ita kuti zvive nyore. Ngatiti iwe une IV (AB) boka, uye murume wako ane ini (00). Isu tinogadzirisa dambudziko rakaoma: AB + 00 - AO (II), AO (II), BO (III), BO (III). Zvino zvinova pachena kuti mwana achaberekwa ane chechipiri kana chechitatu boka reropa.
Asi ndeyechikonzero ichi chete kuti boka reropa raamai vamangwana rakatsunga? Kwete kwete. Chikonzero chikuru - kuziva kuti rudzi rwei ropa mune dambudziko rinogona kudururwa. Mukuwedzera, zvichienderana nekuongororwa, mukana wekupesana pakati peamai ne fetus inofungidzirwa. Kazhinji kacho, kusawirirana kweboka reropa kunowanikwa pamberi peamai vangu I, uye mumwana - II kana III boka (zvakatarisana, baba vemwana vanofanira kuva wechipiri, wechitatu kana wechina boka). Asi kukakavara kwakadaro hakuwanzoitiki. Kazhinji hazvibviri "kuita shamwari" neRhesus ropa kuti uongorore panguva yekuzvitakura.
The equation equation
Rhesus chinhu chimwe chiratidzo cheropa. Kana iripo, inonzi yakanaka (Rh +). Haana kuwanikwa muropa here? Zvadaro inonzi zvakaipa (Rh-). Pakupedzisira, hazvibatsiri hupenyu uye hutano hwevanhu vakuru. Asi anotanga kubhadhara zvakanyanya kana mukadzi ane pamuviri ane Rh-ropa, uye baba vomwana - Rh +. Muchiitiko ichi, mwana anogona kugamuchira nhaka yakanaka yebaba, izvo zvinoreva kuti kune mukana we rhesus-kurwisana naamai. Chii chinoratidzwa mukati? Kungofanana nekusawirirana muboka reropa, kukura kwezvirwere zvinokwanisa kuparadza masero matsvuku eropa emuchetu anotanga mumuviri wamai. Tinokurumidza kuvimbisa! Kuziva izvi, vanachiremba vakadzidza kudzivirira kuumbwa kwezvirwere. Nokudaro, vose vakadzi veRhesus vasina kunaka vasina anti-Rh factor antibodies mumavhiki 28 ekuzvitakura vanoratidza kuiswa kwe-immunoglobulin antiresusive mukati memazuva 28 neawa 34. MuUkraine, inogona kutengwa pazvivigiro zvekuwedzerwa ropa (mumba) kana mune imwe mishonga (inotengeswa, yakakwirira yepamusoro).
Pane kukakavara here?
Ngatiti iwe une mukana wekukakavadzana muboka reropa kana mu rhesus (uye zvichida mune zviratidzo zviviri kamwe!). Kazhinji kambani inopfuurira haina kuchinja hutano hwemukadzi.
Iwe ungaziva sei kuti kushata kwakatangira muropa rekuongorora panguva yekuzvitakura? Gara uchipa ropa kuti uone huwandu (titer) yezvirwere muropa, iyo: tisati tapera sabata rechipiri - kamwechete pamwedzi; kubva pa32 kusvika ku35 - kaviri pamwedzi; mushure memakore makumi matatu nemashanu - vhiki imwe neimwe. Kana ma antibodies ari muropa anowanikwa mune zviduku zvishoma, iwe unofanirwa kushanyira laboratori kakawanda (kutevera simba). Ndiyo yakakwirira here? Zvingangodaro, mukadzi achaiswa muchipatara, uko pane pokutanga tsananguro ye ultrasound ichaitwa. Mune zviitiko zvinoshamisa, vanachiremba vanogona kuita amniocentesis (kukohwa kweamniotic fluid kubva pamuviri wechipfuva pasi pekutarisa kwekuongorora kwe ultrasound). Hungu, nzira yacho haifadze uye haina ngozi, asi dzimwe nguva zvinongobvira nenzira iyi kuti tive nechokwadi chekutenderera kwehuwandu hwemvura, iyo yakagadzirwa nemasikirini ku rhesus, uyewo neropa remucheche. Nehupamhi hwehuwandu hweamniotic fluid, iyo inoratidza kuora kwemasero matsvuku eropa emu fetus, sarudza kuti ungatungamirira sei pamuviri. Zvinokwanisika kuitisa cordocentesis (kutora ropa kubva mumbilical vein pasi pekutariswa kwe ultrasound).
Chirongwa cheNhanho
Iwe hauna kuve nepamuviri wekutanga uye yakakwirira yean antibody inowanikwa muropa? Dzimwe dzidzo dzakatsigira kuvapo kwekupesana? Tinofanira kutanga kurapwa! Kazhinji inoumbwa nekuvhara mavhithamini, glucose solution. Kuti kuderedze huwandu hwemishonga inopinda muropa raamai, chiremba acharayira jekiseni rekudzivirira immunoglobulin. Nguva yekubata ichinguva chiduku, asi chinyorwa chiri kukura zvishoma nezvishoma?
Izvo chete ndeyekucheka: kutema tsambo inokurudzirwa pakarepo, pasina kumirira kubviswa kwemhepo. Kukonana kwakabuda nguva pfupi asati aberekwa? Amai vari muchipatara kuti varambe vachingwarira kuwanda kwezvirwere. Kana kuwedzera kuchikosha, uye mamiriro emakungu anowedzera, ipapo kukurudzira kwebasa kana chikamu chekudzivirira chinoratidzwa. Mushure mokuberekwa kwechecheche, neonatologist ichakurumidza kubatanidzwa. Tsvakurudzo dzinodiwa dzichaitwa uye kurapwa kuchagadziriswa kuti ibvise ropa rekushaya ropa, icterus, edema. Iwe wakanga uine mukana wokukakavara, asi panguva yekuzvitakura, hapana ma antibodies akawanikwa? Mushure mokunge musununguka mumaawa makumi mana, munofanira kupiwa chirwere che immunoglobulin kuchengetedza kukakavara pamuviri unotevera!
Vabereki vane matambudziko ekuberekwa pamuviri, zvinoita sokuti izvi zvinokonzerwa nekukakavara pamusoro peropa. Asi izvi hazvisi izvo.