Anesthesia inyaya inokosha
Zviratidzo zvacho ndezvekuti aneshehesia. Jenesi anesthesia, kana aneshehesia, inzira inowanzoita anesthesia, umo murwere asina njere yekurwadziwa uye kuziva. Mukunyanya mazino kushandisa inhalation uye kwete-inhaling marudzi eesesthesia. Ne inhalation anesthetics mu gaseous state inowanikwa muhutano hwemhepo uye inopinda ropa nenzira yakafanana neyakisijeni. Nevasiri anional anesthesia, anesthetics inorohwa mumuviri mukati-kati kana intramuscularly. Muzviitiko zvose izvi, chirwere chacho chinoramba chichiwedzera.
Zvisinei, kana zvichifanira kubvisa zino, rinowanzoita aneshesia haigoni kushandiswa uye, sekutonga, muchipatara. Zviratidzo zvikuru ndezvokusawirirana kweanesthetics yekunharaunda uye kuwedzerwa kwekushushikana kwepfungwa. Local anesthesia ndiyo nzira huru yekuita anesthetize mukurapa mazino. Inoratidzirwa mumatambudziko ose paunoita kupindira mazino pamwe chete nemarwadzo ekurwadziwa. Contraindication ndeyomumwe: kusagamuchirwa kwechirwere chekunetseka.
Mune mazino maitiro, kwete-injectable (kushandiswa) uye injectable marudzi emunharaunda anesthesia anoshandiswa. Nekushandisa anesthesia, anesthetic inoshandiswa kumusoro kwemasukisi, ayo anodzivirira zvinogadziriswa uye zvigadziri zvikamu zvepachiviri dzemawere zvinowanikwa mumatumbu. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa kudiki shomanana manipulations: kubviswa kwemazino emakumbo anoshanda, mazino akaoma mazino, zviduku zvisinganzwisisiki zvipembenene pamuromo mucosa, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Kana murwere ari "achitya" achitya kuvhara mubamu, iye zvakare akapiwa anesthetic anesthesia vasati varova anesthesia.
Injecting anesthesia inotarisirwa kurega kunzwisa kurwadziwa kwenzvimbo yakakodzera kuburikidza nehutachiona hwehupenzi-a) pedo nehutachiona hwehutachiona uye kuguma kwawo (infiltration anesthesia); b) pedo negumbo remutsipa (conductive anesthesia).
Kunzira iyi ye anesthesia resort pa:
• kubviswa kwemazi uye mazino anogara;
• kuparadzaniswa kwemajoni ekudzivirira uye mashoma;
• Kubviswa kwezvidiki zviduku zvinotapira uye maronda-akaita sendima (papilloma, fibroma, cyst retention, etc.);
• kurapwa kwemavanga (suturing);
• panguva yepurasitiki yemiromo nemiromo;
• Pakubata mazino.
Nei anesthesia "isingaiti"?
Dzimwe nguva injection anesthesia haina kupa anesthesia yakakwana. Izvi zvinoitika apo chiremba wezvechiremba anomanikidzwa kuita chirwere kune murwere ane chirwere chinoputika chemazino uye / kana maya. Ichokwadi ndechokuti mumamiriro e-acidic ezvakavhiringidza mishonga, mhedzisiro yeanesthetics yakadaro haina simba. Mukuwedzera, nekuda kwekuwedzerwa kweropa muzvikamu zvinoputika, kushandiswa kwakakurumidza kwehutachiona kunoitika, izvo zvinoderedza nguva yekuita uye zvinowedzera kuora.
Yakaonekwa kuti kuderera kwehutachiona hwehutachiona kune varwere vane zvirwere zvinoputika zvinowanikwa kune imwe nzvimbo yakawanda nekudzivirira anesthesia.
Kusarudza mishonga yekurapa kunorwadza
Nharaunda yeanesthetics inoparadzaniswa kuva mapoka makuru maviri: esters - anesthesin, cocaine, novocaine, dicaine, etc ;; amides - articaine, lidocaine, tri-mecaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine idr. Kusiyanana pakati pemapoka kunosanganisira, kutanga kwezvose, muzvinyanzwisiso zvebiotransformation yeanesthetics yepamunharaunda uye zvinogona kuitika migumisiro. Parizvino, muRussia, esters for injection anesthesia mune mazino haapi kushandiswa nekuda kwekukwirira kwavo. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vanachiremba vemazino vakave vachikwevedzwa nevarume vemazino kubva kuUI-tracain DS, Septanest 4% N, Ubiste-sin, Ultracain DS inte, Septanest 4% SP, Ubtisin forte. Izvo zvinobva pane articaine - boka rekushongedzwa kwemasimba rekusimba nekukurumidza kuita: anesthesia inowanikwa mu 0.5-3 maminitsi. Articaine iri nani kurambidzwa kupfuura lidocaine. Allergic reactions to it are rare. Mukuwedzera, articaine haipindi nepakati pehematoplacental barrier saka ndiyo yakachengeteka zvikuru kuvakadzi vane pamuviri.
Parizvino, maitiro ekuparadzwa kwemast cells (RDTK) anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kusarudza mumwe munhu kunzwisisa kwekushaya muviri. Kutakura kubva kuDTCTC kunoratidzwa kune varwere vane zvinokonzera zvirwere zveEtiology isingazikamwi, kusawirirana kwemishonga. Ne injectable anesthesia, zvinetso zvemunharaunda zvinobvira:
Pain uye kupisa apo inorowa. Aya manzwiro nguva dzose anogara kwenguva pfupi uye anogona kudziviswa. Kujekesa kwepfupi kwemaitiro anesthetic kunowedzera kukuchengetedza uye kunyaradzwa kwejairo.
Paresthesia (residual anesthesia). Inoratidzirwa nechinje kuchinja uye kuderera kwekunzwa mukati mebasa rekupindira. Rubatsiro harudiwi, runopera kwemavhiki akawanda kana mwedzi.
- Post-injection traumatic chibvumirano. Izvi zvinorambidzwa pamusana wemuromo kune zvidimbu zvakasiyana. Inowanzoitika nekuda kwekukuvara kwetsono musinga panguva yekuita anesthesia kumusana wezasi. Dambudziko racho rinogadziriswa mushure mekudzidzira kwepiotherapy nzira.
- Dzidzo nehematomas. Sezvo mutemo, vanobviswa vachishandisa bhanhire rinomanikidza uye kutonhora.
Sezvaunogona kuona, aneshesia mune mazino maitiro anoshandiswa mazuva ano chaizvo. Nzira dze anesthesia dziri kuramba dzichivandudzwa, mishonga, itsva uye inoshanda uye yakachengeteka iri kusikwa. Uye zvino vanachiremba vanopindura mubvunzo wekuti "Zvinokwanisika here kubvisa kubudiswa kwemazino zvisingatauri kune chero murwere" - "hongu". Uye, zvisinei, zvisinganzwisisiki, uyewo zvachose anesthesia, anesthesia mune mazinyore haakwanisi kudanwa. Nokudaro, chiremba uyo achabata murwere "asingarambi" mazino, achiita kubviswa kana zvimwe zvinorwadza zvinoshandiswa, paanosarudza pamusoro pekushandiswa kweanesthesia, anomanikidzwa kufunga. Funga pamusoro pekugona kwakachengetedza murwere kubva pakusagadzikana uye panguva imwechete kuderedza dambudziko rematambudziko nemigumisiro yakaipa kubva kune anesthesia.
CHINOKOSHA! Zvisingabvumirano zvinopesana neanesthesia yechipfuva uye yakawedzera humwe hunoita hukama hwekunyepedzera. Kushandiswa kweanesthesia yemunharaunda munyaya iyi kunogona kutungamirira kumagariro anoshamisa-anaphylactic shock, iyo inogona kuitika chero ipi zvayo. Kazhinji kazhinji zvinowanzoitika nekudzokorora zvakapetwa kweanesthetic, asi pane zviitiko zvekuita kwakadaro pajojo yokutanga yemushonga.