Pulafura yeplastiki.
Zvechokwadi, ichi ndicho chikafu chinonaka. Icho chiedza, chakasimba, chisingazungunuki, chiri nyore kushamba nekuchenesa. Chinhu chakakosha zvikuru: iyo inodhura mari. Asi, munhu wose akadzidza chikemikari pachikoro anoziva kuti kuumbwa kwepurasitiki kunosanganisira michina yakasiyana-siyana yehupenyu uye inorganic zvinhu zvinogona kukuvadza hutano hwevanhu. Muzvigadzirwa zvayo, midziyo yepurasitiki inopatsanurwa kuva midziyo yezvokudya, inogadziriswa, zvokudya zvinopisa, zvinhu zvinotonhora uye midziyo zvinogona kushandiswa muvheni rewa microwave. Zvinonyanya kukosha, pakusarudza ndiro dzepurasitiki muchitoro, uyewo panguva yekushanda kwayo, nyatsoongorora bhuku rekurayirirwa. Kana ukashandisa ndiro idzi kune zvimwe zvinangwa, plastiki inogona kutanga kubudisa mhepo inokuvadza uye zvinhu, izvo zvingakanganisa utano hwako. Hazvikurudzirwi kushandisa midziyo yepurasitiki kana zuva rokupera rapera, pamwe chete nemidziyo inenge yakasvibiswa, sezvo zvinokanganisa chemakemikari zvinopinda muzvigadzirwa. Saka, paunopindura mubvunzo uyu: mhando ipi yemidziyo isina kukodzera kubika, inogona kunyatsotaurirwa kuti midziyo yeplastiki haisati yakagadzirirwa kunyanya kubika.
Zvokudya zvakagadzirwa nemarlamine.
Kunyanya zvakakosha kugovera iyi ware. Munzvimbo dzakawanda, melamine ndiro inotorwa seimwe yezvinhu zvinokuvadza, pasinei neizvi, iri mumba momunhu wese anogara munyika yedu. MuEurope, melamine ndiro yakamborambidzwa kutengeswa, nokuti, sezvo isingasviki nehutano hwekuchengeteka, ndeyehutsika hwakanaka uye inokuvadza hutano hwevanhu. Kunze kwekunze, ndiro dze melamine dzakangofanana nechevhu. Inosanganisira formaldehil, iyo inozivikanwa nenyika yose semuturu wenyika. Inokonzera simba rakasimba kupfuura dzose, rinogona kutungamirira kune zvirwere zvemuviri wechipfuva, rinoshungurudza maziso uye mudumbu. Kuumbwa kwemidziyo kunosanganisira kwete formaldehyde chete, asiwo manganese uye mutungamiri, iyo inotanga kumira yakabatana kubva kumapfudze ari kuitika pazvokudya. Ndicho chikonzero, apo kutenga zvidyo zvakagadzirwa nemelamine, zvakakosha kubhadhara zvakanyanya kuwanika kwehutano hwehutano, kuguma kwehutsanana uye epidemiological service. Zvichiri nani, kurega kutenga ndiro kubva melamine. Saka, paunopindura mubvunzo iwoyo: ndezvokudya zvipi hazvina kukodzera kubika, tinogona kutaura zvakachengeteka - melamine ndiro.
Metal tableware.
Kunyange midziyo yesimbi haisi yakachengeteka zvakakwana. Munguva yekubika, kana bhandi rakatsva uye masvingo emidziyo yesimbi ndeye chrome, nickel, kana zvakanyanya kunyanya ions, izvo zvinotyisa kune vanhu. Ndicho chikonzero, musimbi midziyo iyo inokurudzirwa zvikuru kuti isachengetedze yakabikwa misi yakasvibirira, yakadai se pickle, kabichi soup. Zvinonzwisisika, zviduku zvishomanana pamusoro pezvokudya, zvishoma zvinyorwa zvinotapira zvinosunungurwa, saka chengetedza midziyo yako yesimbi kubva pamatombo.
Zvishandiso kubva kune zvisingasviki.
Simba risina chinhu, iyo isimbi isina tsvina kuti isvike, inozivikanwa zvikuru pakuita ndiro. Zvokudya zvakadaro zvakanaka, zvinoshanda, zvinoita uye zvinoshanda, asi, kufanana neshamwari yake, midziyo yesimbi, ine nickel, iyo inogara yakasimba zvikuru kune munhu. Uyewo, kana kupisa, zvisingasviki midziyo ndiro inomirira chrome nemhangura. Ndicho chikonzero, kazhinji, zvigadzirwa zvakabikwa muhombe yekusina tsvina ine nzvimbo yakasara inowana tambo yesimbi. Zvakawandisa ini handitauri mu cookware kubva kusina tsvina kuti igadzirire ndiro kubva mumiriwo, nyama yakatsvuka uye ndiro dzakapinza. Munyika dzakawanda muEurope kwenguva yakareba dzinogadzira ndiro dzakaratidza "nikel free", zvinoreva kuti haina nickel. Asi, midziyo yemidziyo yakachengeteka ichiri chikafu. Saka, mukupindura kumubvunzo: ndechipi chemhando isingakodzeri kubika, tinogona kutaura zvakanaka kuti midziyo yemidziyo nemidziyo yesimbi isina chaipo yakachengeteka, asi kwete chaizvo.
Cookware neyo isina tsvimbo yokuputika.
Misika yemazuva ano ye tableware inopa vashandi vayo zvokudya zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira, uye kwete-tambo yokupfeka. Zvokudya zvakadaro zvakagadzirwa nesimbi, ine chidziviriro chisina tambo yekuvhara, inonyanya kudiwa, nokuti inokubvumira kubika pasina kushandisa mafuta uye mafuta. Asi, zvakakosha kuyeuka chimwe chinhu. Cookware neyo isina tsvimbo yakagadzikana yakakosha yekubika, asi, chete yekubika, haugoni kuchengeta zvokudya mairi, uye hazvikurudzirwi kugadzirira ndiro yakasviba. Ndichatsanangura chikonzero nei. Ichokwadi ndechekuti kuumbwa kweTeflon (iyo isina kubatana nematanda) kunosanganisira perfluorooctanoic acid, iyo inoshandiswa mazuva ano mutagenic, iyo kancogogen. Vakawanda vanogadzira mapeji ekugadzira vasina mbatya dzomukati vakatsigira chokwadi chokuti ndiro dzakadaro dzinokuvadza. Kune kuparadzwa kweTeflon yepamusoro pakunaya kunopfuura 350 C, asi isu tiri kugadzirira pamba pahutambo hwehuwandu hwemasvondo 220 C. Saka, hazvina kukodzera kunetseka. Zvinonzwisisika, kana uchishandisa ndiro isina kubata tsvimbo, unofanirwa kuchenjerera uye kunyatsoteerera. Inonyanyoodzwa mwoyo kushandisa mushonga we cookware kana isina-tambo yakasvibiswa kana yakatsvairwa. Vanogadzira vanokurudzira nokukurumidza kutenga zvitsva zvitsva. Yeuka kuti utano hwakanyanya kudhura kupfuura imwe yemhando yepani. Saka, paunopindura mubvunzo uyu: ndezvipi zvisingakodzeri kubika, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti nekubata zvakakodzera, ndiro dzakasvibiswa ne-prism-coating dzakakosha pakubika.
Enameled dishes.
Kuisa ndiro, pamwe chete nemidziyo isina kubata tsvimbo, ichakushumira iwe wakatendeka uye chokwadi kusvikira iyo yakakwirira enamel layer yakaora. Paunotenga enamelware, nyatsotarisa kuti ndeupi muvara wei enamel. Kune hukama hwakachengeteka, hunoita kuti inamel yekrimu, dema, bhuruu, chena uye grey-blue shades. Kana iwe uine pan enamel panopenya mutsvuku, unofanira kuziva kuti iyo enamel yehari iyi inosanganisira gum, manganese, dyes uye zvimwe zvisingasviki zvinhu zvinokuvadza, zvingakanganisa utano hwemhuri yako. Ndicho chikonzero, kana uchitenga muchitoro che enamelware cherechedza muvara weeamel, bvunza mutengesi kune chidziro chekuteerera uye sanitary-epidemiological conclusion. Kushanda ndiro ndiro inofungidzirwa sezvipfeko zvakachengeteka, nokuti inodzivirira eamel yokupfeka inoita kuti zvokudya zvirege kupinda mukati maro zvinokuvadza zvinyorwa, uyezve, mabhakitiriya haagoni kukura uye kuwedzera pahupamhi hwepamusoro peeamel. Nemhaka yehuhu hunhu, enamelware inonzi inofanana neyo yakachengeteka. Mariri hamugone kuchengeta chete, asiwo gadzirai zvokudya. Asi, chenjerera! Pangosvika zviputi, kuputika nekukanda zvinowanikwa muwaamel ware, anobva atanga kugovera zvinhu zvinokuvadza, zvakakanganisa hutano hwevanhu. Nokudaro, pakarepo paunocherechedza aya majekiti pane enamelware yako, zvakakodzera kukoshesa pakarepo uye kutenga imwe. Saka, mukupindura kumubvunzo: rudzii rwezvinhu hazvina kukodzera kubika, tinogona kutaura zvakachengetwa kuti ndiro yakagadzirwa nemafuta yakakosha ndeyekubika kunze kwekunge kuve nokuputika nekukanda pairi.
Aluminium ndiro.
Aluminium ndiro inonzi inonyanya kukuvadza, yakaipisisa uye yakawanda isina eco-friendly. Penguva yekupisa, aluminium ndiro inotanga kusunungura ioni yesimbi, iyo, sezvatinoona, inokuvadza zvikuru kuvanhu, inogona kutungamirira kuchirwere chemuviri. Pfungwa ndeyokuti pasi pesimba rekushisa, asidi, aluminium ine nzvimbo yekunyunguduka uye kupinda muchikafu. Ndicho chikonzero, zvinonyanyoodza mwoyo kugadzirira zvakagadzirwa zvidimbu mualuminium cookware, zvakadai semiriwo yakagadzirwa, kabichi soup, borsch, kubika mukaka, kubika jelly. Vadikanwa vevakadzi, tapota cherechedza kuti mu aluminium cookware hazvifananidzi kuchengetedza mvura yezvokudya, uye kana iwe uchigara uchibika zvokudya mune zvakadai, mhuri yako yose inotengesa kuwana zvokudya zvehupfu.
Ceramic uye porcelain tableware.
Clay, porcelain, ceramic ndiro dzinofungidzirwa kuti dzakachengeteka uye dzakasikwa. Zvisinei, midziyo yakadaro haisi nyore nguva dzose kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva mukicheni. Haikwanisi kubika pachitofu, muchoto, uye kukanda-simbi ndiro yakanyanya kuoma. Kunyangwe nechekukanda uye chikafu chinotapira, mutemo iwoyo unoshandiswa, semidziyo yakagadzirwa nedzimwe zvinhu, haufaniri kuva nemashizha uye kuputika pairi, sezvo michero yakanaka yejecha ingatanga kupinda muchikafu. Mukuwedzera, ivhu, mapira uye chikafu zvinowanzoshongedzwa nemufananidzo unoitwa nemaruva ane lead. Zvokudya zvakadaro hazvina kukodzera kudya.