Mata Hari - a spy kana chikwata?

Mata Hari (Margaret Gertrude Zelle) ndiye mutambi akakurumbira, mutambo weburlesque, chiratidzo chepabonde chezana remakore ramakumi maviri remakore, spy uye mukadzi anouraya. Zvose izvi zvinyorwa zvinonzi kune mukadziwo zvake uyo aisada kurarama hupenyu hutsvuku, kurera vana uye furazi, aida kuziva, mari yakawanda, vadikamwi vanoda uye vakakwanisa kukunda Europe nematambo ayo asina kunaka panguva iyoyo.


Saka, nyeredzi yeramangwana yakaberekerwa mumutauro wekuDutch wekare wekudyara. Musikana uyu akadzidza zvakanaka kuchikoro, asi iye achidzidza nenguva yakaguma kuva nehanya. Mata akakurira, hupenyu mumhuri hwakatanga kumudzvinyirira uye kubvisa kutarisira kwemhuri kusinganzwisisi musikana akazvisarudzira kuzvimiririra, achishandisa nzira yakaratidza yekuroorana (mupepanhau akawana chiziviso chokuti mukuru weDutch army, Rudolf McLeod, ari kutsvaga shamwari yehupenyu uye kare muna 1895 iye akamuroora pazera remakore 18).

Mumwe mudzimai wechidiki nemurume wake vakaenda kuchiwi cheJava kuIndonesia (panguva iyoyo chitsuwa ichi chaiva nyika yeNetherlands). Pakutanga, musikana muduku aifarira upenyu hwemhuri, asi nekukurumidza zvakanyangadza naye. Munguva yemukaro wake, VaMate vaifarira kuenda nemurume wavo kunopinda mapato enyika uye kutamba pamberi pevateereri vanoteerera, murume wavo, nenzira yepanyama, havana kuifarira zvikuru uye semugumisiro, vakaroorana vakanga vatovarambana muna 1903.

Hari akamusiya mwana kumurume wake, uye pasina mari uye dzidzo akaenda kundokunda Paris. Mata akarambana murume wake, nokuti akamurova, akanwa ndokupa mhosva matambudziko ake ose.

Paris yekutanga yezana remakore rechimakumi maviri yakadikanwa neEast uye zvose zvakabatana nayo. Adventurer Hari akasarudza kuita semudhanzi, nokuti panguva yaakaroorana naye akadzidza mitambo yeIndonesia uye akaifarira. Mushure mekutarisa nhamba yekutambisa yaIsadora Duncan, mutambi wezvokudya akadaro wechidiki, Hari akazvisarudzira kuti mune ramangwana aizoita mitambo yechingwa.

Makore maviri asati apera akabhadharwa nekanaka rose reParis. Nemafungiro ake akafamba mazamu akanaka muEurope. Basa rake rakatanga nekutamba, uye rakaguma ne-striptease, saka hazvishamisi kuti munyika dzakadzikama dzeEurope maitiro ake aive akakurumbira, nokuti vashomanana vevadhese vakanyengerwa pachigamba.

Mata aiva mukadzi akangwara, nokuti asati atanga kutaura, akaumba zita rekudanwa, rakasvibiswa nhema dzisinganzwisisiki pamusoro pake, uye akafungawo nezvekugadzirwa kwechitambo uye zvipfeko zvaaiita. Hari yaiva nehombodo yechipfuva, saka panguva yekushanda iye haana kumuratidza, asi akamuvanza pasi pezvishongo.

Mata Hari varume vaida, uye vakamunamata. Akashandura vanoda sejasi, akabvunzwa nezvipo zvaive zvakakosha mari, nekuda kwake zvakaparadzwa, asi akanga asina hanya nekuti aifarira zvakasiyana zvevarume. Hari iri pachena yakawana mari kubva kune varume nokuda kwehukama hwavo hwepedyo. Gare gare, pakutongwa kweesperi, akabvuma kuti akanga ari mumiririri akabhadhara zvikuru webasa rekare, asi kwete spy.

Varume vakapfuma vanovafarira ivo vatsva vanofarira tutu, uye mumwero akawanda mukadzi uyu pachake ari kutsvaga hukama nevarume vaimuda uye zvakare hukama hwacho hwakagadzirirwa chete maererano nemamiriro ake ezvinhu. Nhamba yevadikamwi vake yaisanganisira vose vaFrance vechikwata, uyewo vazhinji vebhengi vekune dzimwe nyika nevatongi venyika.

Mata Hari ndiyo yakakosha uye yakatsvakwa nechechi, kunyange zvazvo iri kure nemuenzaniso wezvikamu zve nguva yake. Sezvatinoona, haana kushayiwa varume vakamubvunza nemari uye zvipo, asi iye aida kurarama mune zvepamusoro uye kutamba makadhi, saka pasinei nokuti aiva nemari yakawanda yemari, aigara achirasira uye akwereta, saka mukadzi uyu aigara achitsvaka mari.

Panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yokutanga, akashanda semhare (sezvo munguva yehondo aisakwanisa kupa mharidzo uye basa rake dhani rakasvika pakuguma, asi varume vacho vakaramba vachifarira mukadzi uyu), akakwanisa kushanda pakarepo nokuda kwekubvuma mbiri (French and German). Apo Hondo Yenyika Yenyika Ikutanga yakatanga, Mata Hari akange achishanyira neGermany uye akasununguka kudzokera kuParis. Pano akaziva kuti haakwanise kuwana mitambo uye akatanga kutarisa dzimwe nzira dzekuwana. Panguva ino, Hari akavandudza hukama neaimbova anoyemura kwenguva refu, uto rehondo reRussia Vadim Maslov, akarwisana nechekuFrance. Mutambi wacho akakurumidza kushanyira Maslov, uyo akanga akarara akakuvadzwa muchipatara, asi kuti amuone, aida kupfutirwa neuto kunounzwa neFrance.

French intelligence yakambofungidzira kuti mukadzi uyu wepayenzi uye pamwe chete nemapurisa akabudiswa akateverwa nekucherechedza. Zvisinei, Mata akanga asina kuonekwa mukutsvaga uye zviremera zvehurumende zveFrance zvakamukoka mukadzi kuti adye kudya, apo paakakumbirwa kuti atange mabasa ehupi achifarira France. Hari akabvumirwa uye akakumbira kuti apiwe mabasa ane mamiriyoni emadhora, asi akapiwa makumi maviri nemakumi maviri ega ega yega yega yeGermany muFrance.

Mata maoko kune imwe spy uye nokukurumidza anoenda kuMadrid. Spain panguva iyoyo yakanga isingatsigiri uye nyika dzakawanda dzaive dzichiita mabasa avo ehupi mairi. Asina kugamuchira mitemo yakananga kubva kune chiGerman kana chiFrench chinzwisisiro, akatanga shanduko kupa ruzivo rwakavanzika kune dzimwe nyika mbiri, akazvigamuchira kubva kune avo vanoita zvepamusoro veSpanishi, avo vaanozivikanwa, vaiva nemativi maviri akasiyana.

Izvo zvinotyisa zvebasa rake rekuita muMadrid raiva kuti maGermany neFrance vakamupa ruzivo ruzivo rwaive rwuzivikanwa kune wese wese. Somugumisiro, vose maGermany neveFrance vakatanga kutarisa nzira yekubvisa vasori vasina maturo.

Mumwaka wechando muna 1917 Mata Hari anodzokera kuParis, asi zvino akasungwa uye anotanga kutonga, achipomerwa nekucheka pavengi weGermany. Pakutanga haabvumirane nekuti iye ari kukwidzwa, asi gare gare akabvuma kuti akanga atora mari kubva kuGermany spy, achikakavadzana kuti akanga asina chakanaka chehuni.

Mhizha yeFrance, iyo yaishandiswa kududzira dan dan, yakatanga kusanganisa zita nezvenhema pamashizha akaputirwa emapepanhau. Dare rakapa mutongo Mata Mata kuti atongerwe rufu, uye hapana mumwe wevakuru vakuru vepamusoro-soro akamusimudzira. Hazvinei kuti zvakaoma sei gweta rake-lover akaedza, Hari haana kukanganwirwa. Asati afa, akanyora tsamba mbiri kumurume wake nemwanasikana wake, asi havana kumbosvika kwavari, uye tsamba dzake dzose dzakaendeswa kujeri archive. Gumiguru 15, iye akafuridzirwa. Mutumbi wemutambi haana kubvunzwa nemumwe wehama, saka munguva yemberi yakashandiswa nokuda kwechinangwa chemaitiro.

Mushure mekufa kwake kwemakore anopfuura gumi, kukakavadzana pamusoro pekuti iye akanga ari nyanzvi haana kumira uye pakanga pangova kuma1930 apo hurumende yeGerman yakazivisa pachena kuti Mata Hari akanga adzirwa muna 1915 uye akagamuchira kudzidziswa kwakakodzera kwenguva pfupi. Zvinosvika pakuti iye panguva imwechete akashanda mukurumbidzwa kweviri uye ndiye akabatwa nemidhiyabhorosi yemitambo yemasimba maviri makuru, nokuti data yaakawana yakanga isina zvishoma.