Pasinei nekufambira mberi kunowanikwa pasi rose, matambudziko emudzimai wekusarura kune vakadzi akambovapo kwemazana emakore aripo.
Mufananidzo wemukadzi wezana remakore rechi21 ndechivimbo, kubudirira, kupenya nekunaka uye utano. Asi kune vakawanda vevakadzi 3.3 mabhiriyoni akanaka vanogara pasi redu, zvinobatsira zvezana remakore re cybernetics hazvisvikiki. Vanoramba vachiona mazana emakore echisimba, kudzvinyirirwa, kuparadzana, kushaya ruzivo rwekunyora uye kusarura.
"Zviri kuitika kwose kwose," anodaro Taina Bien-Aime, mutungamiriri mukuru weNew York-based Equality Now. "Hakuna nyika iyo mukadzi aigona kunzwa akachengeteka zvakakwana."
Pasinei nekufambira mberi kunowanikwa kodzero dzevakadzi pasi rose - kuvandudza mitemo, kupindira mune zvematongerwo enyika, dzidzo uye mari - mapoka emidzi ekunyadziswa kwevakadzi kwemazana emakore aripo. Kunyangwe munyika dzakapfuma, kune mafikisi ekurwadziwa kwepachivande, apo mukadzi asina kudzivirirwa, uye anorwiswa.
Mune dzimwe nyika - sekutonga, mune varombo uye zvakanyanya kukanganiswa nemakakatanwa, hutano hwechisimba hunosvika pakurema zvokuti hupenyu hwevakadzi hunongoramba husingagumi. Vafumi vanogona kuvatakudza nemitemo inodzvinyirira kana kupedza matambudziko echechi shoma yakachengetedzwa yevanhu vari pasi pematepi. Munyika ipi zvayo, mukadzi wevapoteri ndomumwe wevanhu vanotambura zvikuru.
Matambudziko akapararira zvokuti zvakaoma kubvisa nzvimbo dzakaipa dzevakadzi munyika. Mune zvimwe zvidzidzo, matambudziko avo anoongororwa nehupenyu hwehupenyu, mune vamwe - nehutano hwehutano. Mapoka ezvidziviriro zvekodzero dzevanhu zvinotarisa nyika uko kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwekodzero dzevanhu kuri kuitika, kuti kunyange kuponda kunoonekwa sekugadzirwa kwezvinhu.
Kuverenga nekunyora ndeimwe yezviratidzo zvakanakisisa zvehupenyu hwevakadzi munyika. Asi, maererano naCheryl Hotchkiss, uyo ari mubato reCanada yemushandirapamwe wekodzero dzevakadzi Amnesty International, kuvaka chikoro chete hazvikwanisi kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuenzana kwemari.
"Mukadzi anoda kuwana dzidzo anotarisana nezvinetso zvakawanda zvakasiyana," anodaro. "Dzidzo inogona kusununguka uye isingakwanisi, asi vabereki havangatumi vanasikana vavo kuchikoro kana vachigona kubatwa uye kubatwa chibharo."
Utano humwe chiratidzo chikuru. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutarisira vakadzi vane pamuviri, avo dzimwe nguva vanomanikidzwa kupinda muhutano hwekufa nekubereka vana, uyewo vanotora AIDS / HIV. Asi zvakare, nhamba haigone kuratidza mufananidzo wose.
"Pachikepe muZambia, ndakasangana nemukadzi asina kuudza murume wake kuti ane HIV," anodaro David Morley, mukuru mukuru webazi reCanada rinonzi Save the Children, David Morley. "Akanga ararama pamucheto, sezvo akanga asina vana. Kana iye akaudza murume wake, aizotakurwa kunze kwechitsuwa ndokutumwa kunharaunda. Akanzwisisa kuti haana chaanosarudza, nokuti hapana zvachose chakanaka. "
Vatsigiri vanobvumirana kuti kuvandudza hupenyu hwevakadzi munyika dzose, zvakakosha kuvapa kodzero. Kunyangwe iri nyika inonyanya kushaya muAfrica, kana nyika dzakanyanya kudzvinyirira dzeMiddle East kana Asia, kusakwanisa kwekwanisi yekugadzirisa hupenyu hwako pachako ndiko kunoparadza upenyu hwevakadzi kubvira paudiki.
Pasi pandinenge ndanyora runyorwa rwemazana gumi umo kuve mukadzi nhasi ndiro rakaipisisa:
Afghanistan : pavhareji, mukadzi wechiAfghan anorarama kusvika kumakore 45 - uyu gore rimwe chete pasi pemurume weAghan. Pashure pemakumi matatu emakore ehondo uye kudzvinyirirwa kwechitendero, huwandu hwevakadzi hauna kuverenga nekunyora. Vanopfuura hafu yevose vakaroorana vasati vasvika pamakore gumi nemaviri. Uye imwe hafu yeawa imwe mukadzi mumwe anofa pakuzvarwa. Mhirizhonga mudzimba yakapararira zvokuti 87% yevakadzi vanobvuma kuti vanotambura nayo. Kune rumwe rutivi, kune vanopfuura chirikadzi mamiriyoni mumugwagwa, kazhinji vanomanikidzwa kupinda muupfambi. Afghanistan ndiyo nyika bedzi iyo kuwedzera kuzviuraya kwevakadzi kwakakwirira kudarika kuuraya kwevarume.
Democratic Republic of the Congo : kumabvazuva kweDemocratic Republic of the Congo, hondo yakatanga, yakatotadza vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni matatu, uye vakadzi muhondo iyi vari mberi. Kubata kunowanzoitika uye kunosuruvarisa kuti veUUN vanoona kuti havana kumboitika. Vakawanda vanotambura vanofa, vamwe vanotapukirwa neHIV uye vanogara vari voga nevana vavo. Nokuda kwekudiwa kwekuwana zvokudya nemvura, vakadzi vanowanzowanzorwisana nechisimba. Sezvo vasina mari, vasina kutakura, vasina hukama, havagoni kuponeswa.
Irak : kuAmerica kunopinda kweIraq kuitira kuti "kusunungura" nyika kubva kuSaddam Hussein yakaisa vakadzi mugehena rechisimba chechikwata. Nhare yekuverenga nekunyora - kamwechete yakakosha pakati penyika dzeArabhu, ikozvino yakadonha kusvika kumaodzanyemba, nokuti mhuri inotya kutumira vasikana kuchikoro, vachitya kuti vanogona kutorwa uye kubatwa chibharo. Vakadzi vaigara vachishanda pamba. Vakadzi vanopfuura mamiriyoni vakadzingwa kubva mudzimba dzavo, uye mamiriyoni haakwanisi kuwana mararamiro avo.
Nepal : Machato ekutanga uye kuberekwa kwevana vanoita kuti vakadzi vasina kudya vanogara munyika vagone kudyidzana, uye imwe in 24 inoparara panguva yekuzvitakura kana pakuberekwa. Vanasikana vasina kuroorwa vangatengeswa vasati vakura. Kana chirikadzi inowana zita rezita rokuti "bokshi", rinoreva "muroyi", anotarisana nechisimba zvakanyanya uye kusarurwa. Hondo shomanana yepakati pehurumende pakati pehurumende nevapanduki veMaoist inokonzera vakadzi vanochengetedza vakadzi kuti vabatane nemapoka emagerrilla.
Sudan : Pasinei nokuti vakadzi vekuSudan vakagadziridzwa kuburikidza nemitemo yekuchinja, mamiriro evakadzi veDarfur (West Sudan) akangowedzera kuipa. Kubatwa, kubatwa uye kubviswa kwechisimba kubva muna 2003 zvakaparadza upenyu hwevakadzi vanodarika mamiriyoni. IJanjaweeds (yeSudan mauto) inoshandisa chibharo nguva dzose sechirongwa chevanhu, uye hazvigoneki kutora ruramisiro kune avo vanobatwa nechisimba ichi.
Pakati pemamwe nyika umo hupenyu hwevakadzi huri hwakaipisisa kupfuura hupenyu hwevarume, Guatemala yakanyorwa, apo vakadzi vanobva kumadekari uye pasi pevarombo zvikuru vevanhu vanotambura nechisimba mumba, kubatwa uye vane chiitiko chechipiri cheHIV / AIDS pakati peSouth Africa. Munyika, denda rekutyisa, risina kuraswa rinouraya, umo mazana emadzimai anourawa. Pedyo nemitumbi yevamwe vavo vanowana manotsi akazara nekuvengana uye kusagadzikana.
MuMali, imwe yenyika dzine urombo kupfuura dzimwe nyika, vashoma vakadzi vanogona kudzivirira kudzingiswa kunorwadza kwepamuviri, vazhinji vanomanikidzwa kupinda muwanano yekutanga, uye mumwe wevakadzi gumi anofa panguva yekuzvimba kana panguva yekuberekwa.
Mumadzinza kumiganhu yePakistan, vakadzi vanoteererwa kubata chikwata sechirango chemhosva dzakapiwa nevarume. Asi zvakanyanya kufanana ndezvekuuraya kwe "kukudzwa" uye mutsva mutsva wekunamata zvekunamata, unofanirwa nevakadzikadzi vezvematongerwe enyika, masangano ekodzero dzevanhu uye masayendisiti.
Muhuori-mafuta muAradi Arabia , vakadzi vanobatwa sevanorarama pasi pose pasi pekuchengetedzwa kwehama yehama. Kusarudzwa kwekodzero yekufambisa motokari kana kutaurirana pachena nevanhu, vanotungamirira upenyu husingaregi, kutambura nemarwadzo akaipa.
Mune guta guru reSomalia, guta reMogadishu, hondo yakaipisisa yepaguru yakaisa vakadzi, avo vakawanzoonekwa sevokutanga vemhuri, vachirwiswa. Munharaunda yakatsaurwa, vakadzi vanobatwa chibharo zuva rega rega, vanotambura nekuchengetedzwa kwakashata pamusana pemubereki uye vanorwiswa nevakuru vechibharo.
"Kunyange zvazvo zvinogona kuitwa nevakadzi zvinonzwisisika munyika yose," inodaro World Health Organization Director-General Margaret Chan, "haichazovikanwi kusvikira hupenyu huri munyika uye dzinharaunda dzichivandudzika, uye kazhinji kuchinja kukuru kunodiwa. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaoma, zvakadzika mumagariro evanhu uye tsika dzetsika, inoramba ichiva chipingamupinyi kuvakadzi nevasikana kuti vaone zvavanogona uye vanobatsirwa nehupenyu hwevanhu. "