Ichi chirwere chinokanganisa zvakaenzana vanhu vose venyika, pasinei nenzvimbo yekugara kana yezera. Masayendisiti akaratidza kuti kwete munhu chete, asiwo dzimwe mhuka dzinogona kutambura nechirwere cheshuga.
Nhasi, pamwero wekupararira uye nehutano hwekufa, chirwere cheshuga chinogona kuiswa pamwe nehutachiona hwehutano hwemwoyo uye zvirwere zvepachivande. Masayendisiti ari kuramba achitsvakurudza zvakasimba mukugadzirwa kwemishonga inogadzirisa zvechirwere cheshuga kupfuura iyo inoshandiswa mazuva ano. Chirwere cheshuga chinonzi chinonzi chirwere chakakomba zvikuru, chinoita kuti muviri wose uite, uyewo mararamiro omurwere. Murwere ane chirwere cheshuga mellitus anomanikidzirwa kuchengetedza zvakasiyana-siyana mumamiriro ezvinhu kuitira kuti arege kubvumira kuora kwemamiriro ake.
Chirwere cheshuga chinorongwa maererano nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana. Yakasiyana nechirwere cheshuga-chinotarisirwa uye chisina insulini-chinotarirwa nechirwere cheshuga mellitus (rudzi rwe1 uye rudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga, maererano), chirwere cheshuga chinokonzerwa nezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvechirwere uye chirwere cheshuga chinokonzerwa nokusagadzikana. Mune rimwe boka rakasiyana, chirwere cheshuga chinowanikwa mumadzimai ane pamuviri. Mukuwedzera, chirwere cheshuga chinopatsanurwa nekuoma kwechirwere chechirwere.
Mune varwere vane chirongwa chechi1 uye chirwere chechirwere cheshuga, kusaneta nokukurumidza, kushaya simba uye kurasikirwa kwesimba kunoratidzwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti masero emuviri womunhu anogashira shuga shoma, nokuda kwekufananidzwa kwokuti hormone insulin inosangana. Somugumisiro wekushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri zvemasero, simba nzara rinoitika.
Rudzi rwekutanga rwechirwere cheshuga mellitus (insulin-runotenderera) runokanganisa zvikuru vechidiki. Sekutonga, kutamiswa nemunhu, hutachiona hwehutachiona hunokonzera rufu rwechiverengera chemazana chepancreatic cells, chinova chikonzero chechirwere cheshuga. Uyewo, kukanganisa kwepancreas kunogona kuitika nekuda kwekudzivirira simba rekudzivirira muviri. Nechirwere cheshuga chekutanga, muviri wevarwere unogumisa kubudisa insulini pachako.
Chipiri chechirwere cheshuga chinokonzerwa neshuga kana chisingaiti cheshuini chinokanganisa zvikuru chizvarwa chakare. Mune chirwere ichi cheshuga, muviri haurasikirwi kukwanisa kubudisa insulini, asi, pane zvinopesana, unouita zvakanyanya. Asi zvisinei, masero emuviri haasi kuwana chikamu chaidiwa cheshuga. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti masero anoshaya kunzwisisa kune iri hormone uye haakwanisi kuzvinzwisisa. Chirwere cheshuga chemhando iyi chinoonekwa sechirwere chechizvarwa uye chinowanzowanikwa kune vanhu vane uwandu hwakawanda hwemuviri.
Pasi apa pane zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza chirwere cheshuga chemashuga:
- kunzwa kunogara kwenyota;
- kazhinji kunyorera;
- kuwedzera kukuru muwandu wemuyo.
Ne chirwere cheshuga chechirwere, pane kuora kwakakosha mumuviri, izvo zvingasvika 10-15 kg. pamwedzi. Panewo utera hwehutano uye kuneta. Bhero rakanzwisisika yemunhu ane hutano rinofanira kunge rakafanana nekunhuwa kweAcetone kubva mumuromo.
Kune varwere vane chirwere cheshuga mellitus, kwenguva yakareba nzira yezvirwere zvinotapukira uye kupora kwenguva refu kunyange maronda maduku. Uyezve, zviratidzo zvisingaoneki zvechirwere cheshuga zvinogona kutaridzirwa nguva dzose mucheche, kutadza kuona, kuvhara uye kuputika mumakumbo.
Diabetes mellitus type 1 inokurumidza kukurumidza kubvuma rubatsiro nehosha iyi inonyanya kuipa.
Nechirwere cheshuga chechipiri, inenge zviratidzo zvose zvakafanana zvinoratidzwa sechirwere cheshuga cheshuga. Kusiyana chete ndekwokuti chirwere ichi chinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.
Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, kurapwa kwakaitwa kuburikidza nekupinza insulin hormone mune chirwere chechirwere cheshuga uye kutora hypoglycemic zvinodhaka kune vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga chechipiri. Zvisinei, nekushandisa kwenguva yakareba insulin, muviri unotanga kubudisa zvirwere, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoderedza kushanda kwechiito chacho.
Dambudziko guru remutambo uyu nderokuti pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoda kuongororwa pakusarudza rudzi rwemishonga inofanira kunyorwa uye kuyerwa kwayo. Kunyanya kuderedza insulini-ine zvinodhaka kune ngozi zvikuru uye kunogona kutungamirira ku hypoglycemic coma. Kusarudzwa kwenzira dzokurapa uye kushandiswa kwemishonga kunofanirwa kuitwa kune umwe neumwe murwere mumwe nomumwe, achifunga nezvenhoroondo yezvokurapa, zvirwere zvinokonzera uye kugadzikana kwemuviri kumishonga.
Murwere iye pachake anokwanisa kubatsira zvikuru vanachiremba mukurapa kwechirwere. Apo chirwere cheshuga chiri kungodikanwa kuti chiite zvakasimba kudya. Semitemo, michina ine nhamba yakawanda yemakrohydrates isingadyiki kubva pane chirwere chemugori. Chikonzero chekudya kunovaka muviri chikafu chisina kuvhenganiswa nemiriwo, mairi emiti. Inobvumirwawo kuti idye zvokudya kubva kumunda wose, marimu uye zvimwe zvibereko. Mushonga mutsva uye michero zvinobatsira pamapakresi uye zvinokurudzira kugadzirwa kwe insulini.
Uyewo, basa rinokosha mukurapa chirwere cheshuga rinotaridzwa nemafungiro epfungwa. Kunyange zvazvo uchida kufambidzana nomumwe munhu, chirwere ichi chinonzi chisingaregi uye chinokonzera zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda paupenyu hwomurwere, kana zvichidikanwa, zvinokwanisika kuramba uchifara uye unofara hupenyu kunyange mushure mekuzivisa kwekutsvaga. Iye zvino unoziva zvose pamusoro peshuga, zviratidzo uye kurapwa.