Muzana remakore rechimakumi emakore basa raitanga muzvipatara zvekuberekwa. Muchikamu chechinyorwa chinoti "Kuberekwa kwomwana kunze kwechipatara chekuberekwa" iwe uchadzidza ruzivo rwakakosha uye unonzwisisa kuti inonyatsokwanisa kubereka mwana.
Batsirwa
Vakadzi vakawanda vanonzwa vakachengeteka mune chipatara chekuberekwa, asi vamwe vavo vanovhundutswa nemichina uye magetsi anojeka ari chikamu chinokosha chekurapa. Nokudaro, vanosarudza kutakura kubereka kumba. Vamwe vakadzi vanosarudza nzira iyi yokutakura, nokuti mamiriro ezvinhu epamba anotaridzika kwavari zvakasikwa pakuzvarwa kwemwana. Mukuwedzera, kuberekwa kumusha kubvumira mudiwa uye, kana zvichidikanwa, dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri kutora chikamu chikuru mubasa iri. Kuberekera kumba kunowedzera kuzivikanwa. Uyezve, nhamba inowedzera yevakadzi inosarudza kudzora nzira yekuzvitakura yavo pachavo uye kutsvaka kuve nechokwadi kuti kuberekwa kune imwe yezviitiko zvepedyo kupfuura chirongwa chekurapa. Migumisiro yezviongorori izvi inoratidza kuti kuberekwa kumusha kunobvumira amai kuti vanzwe vakasununguka uye vashoma kuti vawane anesthesia.
Kugadzirira kwe
Apo mukadzi anotanga kubvunzurudza chiremba kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti ane pamuviri, anogona kukurukura nzira inosarudzwa yekuendesa.
Njodzi
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuberekera pamusha kwakachengeteka sepachipatara chekuberekwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, kana mukadzi ane anamnesis (somuenzaniso, chirwere chero chipi zvacho mumatambudziko akaberekwa) kana panguva yekuberekwa kwechokwadi, matambudziko (somuenzaniso, nekutaura kwechirwere che fetus) inogona kudiwa kurapwa kwakakosha kunoratidzwa, vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuti vashandire kuchipatara . Kazhinji muchecheti ane ruzivo rwekubereka paimba anobatsira. Mukuwedzera, anotsigira mukadzi panguva yese yekuzvitakura kwake. Muzviitiko zvisingaiti, kuvapo kwevananyamukuta vaviri kunodiwa. Mumazuva ezuva rakarongwa rokuberekwa, muchecheti anoshanyira mumba kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti zvinhu zvose zvakagadzirira kwavari. Kukwanisa kuwanikwa kweimba kunokosha kana zviitiko zvakakurumidza zvekufambisa kwemukadzi pakuberekwa kuchipatara, zvakanaka mukati mekudzivirira, kutaridzika kwemazuva emhepo, kupenya uye mvura. Madzimai anowanzoita urongwa hwezvinhu zvinodiwa, zvinosanganisira:
- midziyo - inogona kudiwa kuti ivimbise kuti mukadzi ari kubasa ari kuputika panguva yekubuda kweAsphyxia, uyewo yekuchenesa;
- tsvina dzakachena uye diapers;
- mwenje;
- thermometer;
- disinfectant uye kicheni tirasi;
- mapepa e polyethylene yemarara;
- zvimwe zvinhu pane zvaunofarira, somuenzaniso tapekodha nemimhanzi yakanyarara nemakenduru, kuitira kuti mukadzi anzwe akasununguka panguva yekuberekwa.
Muchembere anounza matanho akawanda anodiwa naye, pazuva rokuzvarwa, kusanganisira zviridzwa zvekunamatira uye kuparadzanisa umbilical cord, yakashata cotton wool, kupfeka uye nevamwe. Inogonawo kuva nechigadziro chekunyora kurara kwomwoyo we fetus uye tonometer yekuyera ropa mukati meamai. Kune analgesia mubasa, muchecheti anogona kunge ane bhodhoro-yemhepo inosanganiswa bothodhi uye, kana zvichidikanwa, mamwe mapeiniti. Kana zviitiko zvekukurumidzirwa, chikwata chinenge chichipa zvinhu zvose zvinodiwa zvekudzorerazve mwana achangoberekwa: oxygen, intubation tools (kuchengetedza kufamba kwemhepo), urinary catheter nekutsvaira kuchenesa nzira yekufema kubva mumucheka. Nekutanga kwebasa, amai vanobereka mbura. Munguva iyi yekuberekwa kwomukadzi mukadzi anogona kusununguka achifamba-famba paimba ndokuzorora. Muchembere anofungidzira kutengesa uye nguva yezvipembenene zveuite. Pakutanga kwebasa rekushanda, anokwanisa kutaura nemukadzi ari mubasa nefoni uye nokudaro anoongorora mamiriro ake ezvinhu.
Chikamu chakasimba chekubereka mwana
Nekutanga kwechikamu chinoshanda chekubereka mwana (kana chivharox chiri 4 cm kana kupfuura yakazaruka), muchecheti anogara ari pedyo nemukadzi mukuberekwa. Kuberekwa kwekumba kunoitwa nenzira imwecheteyo sechipatara chekuberekwa, kunze kwekuti amai vane mukana wekutonga nzira yekuendesa mberi. Mukadzi-wenhema haafaniri kurara pamubhedha nguva dzose kana kuva mune imwe nzvimbo. Anokwanisa kufamba, kushambidza kana kuenda kumunda. Chimiro chemuviri chinogona kukurumidza kupindira, sezvinoita izvi zvinokonzera masimba zvinobatsira kuderedza musoro wemucheche, kunoderedza chibereko chechivharo nekuvhura kwayo nokukurumidza. Kana kusagadzikana kupi kunoitika panguva yekuberekwa kweimba, nyamukuta pakarepo anotaura nevashandi vechipatara chekuberekwa. Kubva pane zviratidzo zvinenge zvichiitika, chiremba ari pabasa anogona kukurudzira hospitali kuitira chinangwa chekupa rubatsiro rwekurapa runodikanwa. Vanamai vanowanzova neruzivo rwakakwana pakuona hutano hwebasa.
Kucherechedza
Mutengo wemwoyo, kutonhora kwemuviri, kurara kwemwoyo uye kuwedzerwa kweropa, pamwe nekudengenyeka kwemoyo wemucheche inonyatsoongororwa. Mukuwedzera, simba, nguva uye nguva yakawanda yezvipembenene zveUterine zvakanyorwa. Chiongorori chenguva dzose yehuwandu hwekuwedzera kwechibereki uye fetal progression kuburikidza nemigero yekuberekwa inoitwa. Kurongedza nguva dzose kunotibvumira kuti tifungidzire munguva inotevera kusakoshesa kwebasa uye kugamuchira mukadzi mukuberekwa kusvikira pakukura kwezvinetso zvinokuvadza.
Matambudziko
Hospitali inenge iripo pakuberekwa kana kuti pakarepo mushure mavo inofanirwa nekugadzirwa kwezvinetso zvinotevera:
- kusvibisa amniotic fluid ne meconium (ruvara kana ruvara) - zvinogona kuratidza hurombo husati huri fetus. Kupinda kwemeconium mumubhedha wekupemha kwechecheche kunogona kukonzera kukanganiswa kukuru kwekupema;
- kushungurudzika kwema fetus - nekushanda kwenguva yakareba kunogona kunge kune chirwere chinokonzerwa nekuvhiringidzika kwemwoyo rhythm mu fetus;
- kubuda ropa - kubuda kweropa kudarika panguva yebasa kunowanzoitika, asi kunogona kuratidza nguva isati yakwana kuputika kwepascental;
- kuneta kweamai - kunotanga nekubereka kwakanyanya kana kwenguva refu. Muchiitiko ichi, muchecheti anogona kupa imwe yero yeaneshesia (gas-air mix), asi hospitali inogona kudiwa nokuda kwepidural anesthesia (kuvharwa kwemasana emagunha);
- yakanyanya postpartum hemorrhage - inogona kuonekwa nekushaya kukwana kwechibereko chekuita mushure mekusunungurwa kwekuberekwa;
- kunonoka kuenda kumubhedha - kunogona kuve nekudiwa kwekuparadzanisa mabhuku eparcenta pasi peanesthesia;
- kukanganisa kufema mumucheche - pasinei nekuwanika kwekuberekwa kwekuberekwa kwechicheche kwechecheche, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, unofanira kunge uchishevedza ambulensi.
Kucherechedza zviratidzo zvokutanga zvebasa, mukadzi anotaurira muchecheti. Panguva yekuberekwa, inobvumira nhengo dzemhuri kugovera chiitiko ichi chakanaka kune mumwe nemumwe. Muchiitiko chekuberekwa chero kupi zvako, katatu nguva dzinozivikanwa:
- cervical dilatation;
- kudzingwa kwe fetus;
- kudzingwa kwepalacenta.
Nekutanga kwebasa (apo uterine zvipembenene zvinowanzoitika kana amniotic fluid inoyerera), muchecheti anouya kumukadzi ari mubasa, anomucherechedza, anongedza kuwedzera kweropa uye anogadzira danga rekuberekwa kwekuzvarwa.
Cervical opening
Muzviitiko zvizhinji, nguva yokutanga yebasa inotora kubva pa6 kusvika paawa 12 - muchikwata chekutanga, kuvapo kwekuyamwisa hakuna kudiwa. Chimwe chezvakanaka zvekuberekwa kwekumba ndechokuti panguva ino mukadzi anogona kufamba akasununguka paimba, uye kwete panzvimbo yekugadzirwa kwechiremba. Izvi zvinomubvumira kuti anzwe akasununguka uye akavhiringidzika kubva pakurwadziwa.
Kubvuma kubereka mwana
Kana chibereko chechivharo chave chave chikazaruka zvakakwana, muchecheti anoramba ari pedyo nemukadzi mukuberekwa, kutarisa mamiriro ake uye kupa rubatsiro rwepfungwa. Kubatanidzwa kwake kunoderedzwa kubvumira amai nemudzimai wake, pamwe nemamwe nhengo dzemhuri, kugoverana manzwiro makuru kubva pamubatanidzwa. Muchembere anocherechedza huwandu uye simba rezvipembenene zveUterine, pamwe nehuwandu hwekuzarura chibereko chechirwere. Anowedzerawo kuwedzera kweropa. Aine chivimbo chemaitiro akazara ekushanda, muchecheti anowanzosimuka uye anowanzobatana nomudzimai mukuberekwa, achitarisa nzira kuburikidza nefoni. Baba vomwana asati aberekwa ari pedyo nemukadzi ari kubereka, vachimutsigira pazera rekutanga rokubereka. Sezvo basa racho richifambira mberi, zvipfeko zvinowanzowedzerwa uye zvakanyanya. Mukadzi anonzwa aine ruzivo rwakanyanya apo amniotic membrane yakakomberedza fetus breaks pasina amniotic fluid. Pasi muimba umo mukadzi ane pamuviri avete akafukidzwa neupurasitiki. Kuchinja kwemaamniotic fluid chiratidzo chemufaro wemucheche.
Kuwedzera kwechirungu
Mbuya vanogutsikana nekubudirira kwemukadzi mukuberekwa. Maawa mashomanana mushure mekutanga kwehondo, uye chivharocho chakanga chakazara zvachose chakazarurwa. Panguva ino, uterine zvipfeko zvinowanzova zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya. Mumwe mubatsiri anobatsira mukadzi mukuberekwa kubereka, asi muchecheti anotsanangurira vana izvo chaizvo zvinoitika kuna amai. Nenzira yakanaka, vabereki vakavagadzirira zviitiko zvinotevera. Sezvo mukadzi ari mubasa ari kusundira, nzira dzemadzitateguru ake dzichiwedzera uye kubva kwavari musoro wemucheche inoratidzwa. Mamwe ose emhuri anotarisa mapepa emwana wacho achionekwa mushure mekuedza kwechipiri. Baba vanotsigira musoro, uye mushure mechimwe chiedza, mwana anozvarwa. Mushure mekuongorora kwekutanga, amai vanopiwa mwana. Muchembere anoratidza baba vake kuti vangagura sei mutsara. Maminitsi mashomanana gare gare iyo placenta inoberekwa. Mucheche anonyatsomucherechedza.
Amai nevana vanonzwa zvakanaka. Mucheche anoongorora mwana, achidzora nguva yakawanda yekufema kwake uye kupisa. Anonyatsoongorora mutsara wembilical, sezvo chero chisingaiti, sekushayikwa kwetari, chinogona kuva chiratidzo chekurwara kwemwoyo. Zvadaro iyo placenta inoongororwa: zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti yakakwana zvachose kubva muuterine cavity. Sezvo ave nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwepalacenta, muchecheti anonyatsomuchengeta. Kana amai nemwana vachinzwa zvakanaka, muchecheti anobva muimba kuti abvumira mhuri kuti itaure nemwana, uye inotanga kuchenesa. Apo amai vacho vachizorora, muchecheti anobatsira baba vake kuti vashambidze mwana achangoberekwa. Ipapo anobva mumba uye anodzoka mumaawa mashomanana kuti aongorore zvakare amai nevana, uyewo kupindura mibvunzo yevabereki. Muchembere anoshanyira mhuri mumazuva ekutanga mushure mokuberekwa uye anoenderera mberi kutarisa mamiriro ake amai kwemwedzi. Mumaawa ekupedzisira, inokurudzirwa kuti kuderedza kushanyira kwehama neshamwari kupa mai nevana nguva yekuzorora nekuwanazve simba. Iye zvino tava kuziva kuti kuberekwa kwemwana kunze kwechipatara chekuberekwa kunogona kuitwa nenzira yakachengeteka.