Muvana vane pfungwa dzakangodaro, kufanirwa kwekugadzirisa kwekunzwisisa, kufunga kwepfungwa kunovhiringidzika, maonero avo, chiyeuchidzo, kutaura-kutaura kwakanaka, kutaura, uye zvakadaro zvichiri kuipa. Vana vakadaro vanoratidzirwa nezvinetso mumagariro evanhu, kuumbwa kwezvido. Vakawanda vavo vanovhiringidzika kukura mumuviri, kune matambudziko mukutaurirana, motokari motility, zvimwe zviitiko zvekunze zvinogona kuitika, somuenzaniso, chimiro chehenya, ukuru hwemakumbo kunogona kuchinja zvimwe.
Kuora kwepfungwa kunogoverwa mu 3 degrees: debility (zvishoma nezvishoma kusadzoka), kusava nehanya (kudzika shure), idiocy (kunyanya kudzokera shure). Kune rimwewo maitiro ekutadza kwepfungwa: zvinyoro zvishoma (IQ pasi pe70), chiyero chepamusoro (IQ iri pasi pe50), chiyero chakaoma (IQ pasi pe35), gorosi yakadzika (IQ pasi pe20).
Kutanga nemwana anorasika mupfungwa kunokosha kubva paudiki achiri muduku. Vana vakadaro vane chido chakaderera kune chinangwa chenyika, nokuti kwenguva refu chishuwo hachibudi, somuenzaniso, mwana haafaniri kutora chido, haatambi nawo, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Pano, kururamiswa kunobatsira kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chokuti mwana akaziva maitiro akarurama ekuzvibata, mabasa, maitiro ehucheche. Kufunga, kuonekwa kwenyika inotarisana nevana vane kutadza kwepfungwa vari pakaderera, kana musingabatanidzi nevana ava.
Kana tikatanga kukudziridza mwana wepachikoro akadzivirirwa mupfungwa muchamupupuri, ipapo acharasikirwa nounyanzvi hwokukurukura nevanhu, unyanzvi hwechiito chinangwa. Kana mwana wacho asingakwanisi kufambidzana nevezera rake nevakuru, haatambi mitambo nevana kana kuita chimwe chinhu mubasa chero ripi zvayo, richaita kuti pave nehutano hwehutano hwevanhu, kukura kwekufunga, kurangarira, kuzviziva, mafungiro, kutaura, kuda uye nokudaro. Nekutaura kwakarurama kune sangano rekurerwa uye dzidzo, zvinokwanisika kugadzirisa kukanganisa mukukudziridzwa kwemagariro nekutaura.
Iwe unogona kuwana mhinduro dzakasiyana paunodzidzisa mumwana wechikoro ane kukanganisa kwepfungwa, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwokudzokera shure. Vana vane chiyero uye chirwere chakakomba chekutadza kwepfungwa (kusava nehanya, idiocy) vana vane hurema. Vanogamuchira penheji uye vanofanirwa kunge vane muchengeti kana kuti vari mumasangano makuru ekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu. Havasi vabereki vose vanogona kurarama nekushungurudzika kukuru kwakadaro, saka vanofanirwa kugamuchira psychotherapeutic uye mazano ekutsigira.
Vana vane kuchema kwekutadza kwepfungwa (kukodzera) vane matambudziko emhando dzakasiyana. Rimwe rematambudziko makuru ndiko kukwanisa kudzidza kwakaoma kwevana vari purogiramu yechikoro chechikoro chesekondari. Uye kudzidzisa mwana mune rimwe rubatsiro (correctional school) danho rakaoma kuvabereki.
Munyika imwe neimwe, nzira uye nzvimbo yezvidzidzo zvevana vane kukanganisa kwepfungwa zvakasiyana nenzira dzakasiyana. Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura, munyika yedu, vana vane pfungwa mupfungwa vakadzidziswa kakawanda muzvikoro zvebetsero. Asi munguva pfupi yapfuura, vabereki vanowedzera kupa vana ava kuzvikoro zvakajairika, kunyange kunyatsoteerera komisheni yekugumisa. Maererano nemutemo, vana vane kukanganisa kwepfungwa vanofanira kuongororwa kwechiremba uye chechikoro, iyo inosarudza kana ichikwanisa kudzidza muchikoro chechikoro kana chechikoro.
Muchikoro chekururamisa, vana vanouya chete nemvumo yevabereki vavo, asi, sezvakataurwa kare, zvinowanzoomera kuti vabereki vatore danho iri, uye vanopa mwana kuchikoro chenguva dzose. Mune zvimwe zvikoro zvemashure kune makirasi ekururamisa kwevana vane kurasika kwepfungwa, uye mune zvimwe zvikoro zvepachivandewo vana vanochera mupfungwa vanodzidziswa. Dambudziko guru nderomutauro unowanzoenderana nehutano hwevanhu uye dzidzo yevana vane zvinyoro zvishoma zvekudzokera shure. Asi kana mwana akashandura zvakanaka uye akabatsirwa kudzidza, saka, kana akura, anogona kuva nhengo yakakwana yevanhu: kuwana basa, kunyange kutanga mhuri nevana. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuti vana ava nevabereki vavo vaongorore nguva dzose nevadzidzisi.
Havasi vana vanokanganisa mupfungwa vanogona kudzidza mune zvikoro zvakajairika, sezvo kazhinji vana ava vane mararamiro akasiyana. Asi pane vana vasingakwanisi kuti vazive kuti kukura kwavo kuri kushure, izvo, kunyange zvazvo zvakaoma, zvinogona kukunda dzidzo mune imwe nguva yechikoro. Zvisinei, pachikoro mwana akadaro anoda munhu (mudzidzisi), uyo achaenda naye kumakorosi, anobatsira kuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Mwana anochera mupfungwa anogona kudzidziswa muchikoro chemashure, asi izvi zvinoda mamiriro akakodzera uye hukama hwakanaka hwemamiriro ezvinhu. Kuchikoro kunofanira kunge kune makirasi maduku, uye, zvakakodzera, mumusangano wekudzidzisa kunofanira kunge kune defectologist uye mupfungwa wepfungwa.
Asi zvose zvakafanana, kurovedzwa pamwe chete kwevana vane utano uye vane pfungwa mupfungwa kune zvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa zvekupedzisira. Kana mwana akachera mupfungwa ane mudzidzisi kana asina mudzidzisi achidzidza mukirasi, mudzidzisi, pakupedzisira, anogona kutsanangurira vana vakawanda nzira yekuzvibata uye nzira yekubata nayo mwana, asi pano pangangogara kune vadzidzi vashoma vanozozvidza uye kuvhiringidza mwana ane kutadza kwepfungwa. Muzvikoro, huwandu hwakanyanya hwechisimba, vana vanowanzova utsinye, uye mwana ane kuchera kwepfungwa nguva zhinji haazive kuzviita uye anenge akaoma. Muchikoro chenguva dzose, uyu mwana anogona kunge akavharwa.
Mukuwedzera, mwana akaora mwoyo mupfungwa achawana zvakaoma zvikuru kudzidzira fisikiti, mathematics, uye mitauro yekunze. Mukuwedzera, kana mwana akadaro akawira muchikoro chenguva dzose uye muchikoro chinogara, chikoro chinofanira kuchitarisa kwete maererano neUUSE mitemo, asi maererano nemirairo yehupupuriro hwevana vanopererwa mupfungwa. Nokudaro, nzira yakanakisisa yekudzidzisa mwana ane chirwere chepfungwa mune imwe chikoro chesekondari chirongwa chakakosha chekururamisa. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa, zvikoro zvakawanda zvakaramba kusika makirasi akadaro.
Kusvika ikozvino, vana vane kurasika kwepfungwa vanowanzodzidziswa mune zvikoro zvekururamisa, sezvo panguva iyo pasina nzvimbo yakakodzera yezvikoro zvakadaro. Iye zvino unoziva zvose pamusoro pekudzidziswa uye kurera mwana ane kuchera mupfungwa kuchikoro.