Ijeri rakagamuchira zita rayo kubva pamashoko echiGiriki rokuti "spata" uye "phillum", iyo inoshandurwa se "mabhedha" uye "mashizha", maererano. Zita racho rakapiwa, nokuti chifukidziro che spathiphyllum chinoratidzika sejasi rinowanzo, asi rine mutsvuku uye harina petioles. Inosiya mhute kana kuti lanceolate, yakashata, ine yakanyatsorondedzerwa mukati mechipfuva uye tsvina yakaoma, yakafanana. Iro maruva anounganidzwa mu inflorescence - cob, iyo iri pachigadziko chinoputika, yakafukidzwa nechifukidziro pachigadziko.
Spathiphyllum - imba yakakura inowanikwa zvikuru, iyo inopedzeredza mukurapa. Kukosheswa nekunaka kwemashizha uye maruva. Paunenge uchitenga spathiphyllum, yeuka kuti inoda kugara uchitsvaira uye kudiridza kwakakwana.
Mitemo yekutarisira.
Lighting. Spathiphyllum inowanzokura zvose mumumvuri usina kukwana uye mumusiyano wakasiyana. Zvisinei, mumumvuri wemashizha awo unowana ruvara rwemavara nerima uye mamwe maitiro akasiyana. Panguva imwechete inoyerera inenge isingaiti kana, kana zvachose, inogumira. Muchiitiko ichi, muti wacho hauna kujekesa zvakakwana. Pakuisa spathiphyllum pawindo rekumaodzanyemba, chengetedza kubva kunezuva rinopisa. Zviri nani kukura spathiphyllum kumaodzanyemba mahwindo, kunyange zvazvo kumaodzanyemba emafasitirwo ayo maruva ayo akawanda uye akawanda, uye inflorescence yakawanda kwazvo muhukuru.
Kupisa kwehutongi. Spathiphyllum ndiwo muti unonzi thermophilic. Muchiri uye zhizha dzinoda kupisa mukati me 22-23 ° C, muganhu wakaderera ndewe 18 ° C. Muvhuvhu uye munguva yechando, kupisa kwakanyanya hakusi kudarika 16 ° C, zvisinei kuti kukura kwemuti kunodziviswa. Chinokosha ndiko kutonhora pasi pe10 ° C: spathiphyllum rot uye inogona kufa. Chimiro hachiregi kuronga.
Kunwisa. Chimiro spathiphyllum chinonwiwa gore rose: zvakanyanya - mumwaka wezhizha uye zhizha uye munguva yekurima, zvinogoneka nehuruti; zvishoma nezvishoma muchando. Pakati pemvura, iyo yepamusoro ye substrate haifaniri kuoma. Usarega nyika ichingopfuura. Ukuwo, rumwe rutivi rwemvura iri mumudziyo inokuvadza muti. Nokupfira uye kudiridza, shandisa chete mvura yakamira, maawa gumi nemaviri. Kana mashizha epathiphyllum akadonha, zvino inotambura nekushayikwa kwemhepo. Kusiyana neizvi, nekudiridza zvakanyanya pamashizha emuti, nzvimbo dzerima dzinogona kuonekwa.
Humidity of air. Spathiphyllums rudo yakakwirira humidity. Sezvo mumamiriro ezvinhu echisikiro inokura mumamiriro okunze anonyorova, inoda kusasa nguva dzose nemvura yakadzika, kuumba mvura yepasi, dzimwe nguva mvura inotonhora. Inokurudzirwa kuisa ichi chirimwa chemukati pane imwe nheta yakazadzwa nejecha risina mvura kana moss. Mumhepo yakaoma mukati memaiti inosvava mazano emashizha, kunyange akaparadzirwa panguva yakakodzera - kaviri pazuva. Apo spathiphyllum inotumbuka, kusvibisa kunofanira kuitwa nekuchenjerera: mvura haifaniri kuwira pamabheji uye pamusoro. Munguva yaOctober-January nguva, spathiphyllum ine nguva yekuzorora, asi kana mhepo yemhepo yakakwana kumuti, inotumbuka munguva yechando.
Top dressing. Mune nguva kubva munaMarch kusvika munaSeptember, spatiphyllum inoda kudyidzwa nehuwandu hwemamineral fertilizer mumusanganiswa we1-1.5 gramu neawa imwe yemvura. Mukuwedzera, mushonga unokosha hunoshandiswa mumiti yekunze musina mhete, semuenzaniso, "Flower" kana "Azaleas". Inokurudzirwawo kushandura fungidziro nemamineral fertilizer ne fresh mullein, yakanatswa muhuwandu hwe1:20 kana 1:15. Mushure mokunge mushure mokupfekedza kwepamusoro, mbeu dzinofanira kunwisa mvura zhinji mukati mekushisa. Kana yakabhururuka munguva yechando, zvino mumavhiki masere (3-4) zvakakosha kuidya pamwe nemafuta mamwechete. Kana mashizha akaonekwa mavara akaonesa, izvi zvinoratidza kuti pane zvakawanda zvinovaka muviri zve spathiphyllum.
Transplantation. Kana midzi ye spathiphyllum ichizadza iyo yose yehari iyo inokura nayo, saka simiti inoda kuwedzerwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvipedzisire mumwaka wegore, nekuchenjerera, sezvo midzi yakanyanya kunyanya kukuvara. Nokuda kwekugadzirwa, mumwe munhu anofanira kusarudza ivhu reine simba asiri acid - pH 5.0-6.5. Kupisa kwakanyanyisa kunoparadza simiti, saka iva nechokwadi chokuti ivhu rakasununguka, uye mvura yakawandisa inopinda mukati.
Spathiphyllums ichazonzwa zvakanaka mumusasa unoyevedza, paunowedzera zvidhinha zviduku kana zvidimbu zvemalahle. Nokuti kubatanidzwa kwakakoshawo musanganiswa, wakabatanidzwa kubva kune humus, mashizha uye sod land, rwizi jecha uye peat muzvikamu zvakaenzana. Shandisai uye makagadzirwa akagadzirirwa e-aroids, achiwedzera kune zvimedu zvemarasha. Mvura yakanaka inogadziriswa. Hazvina kudii kuti tifambe sipatiphyllum muhari huru kwazvo, sezvo izvi zvinodzivisa maruva. Sarudza simba rakakura kudarika iro rakapfuura. Inokurudzirwa kushandura pasi nyika nechinopisa chinogadziriswa che potassium permanganate mumucheka wakaoma wepini. Kudyara miti inoda kutonhora, kudiridza kunononoka, kusasa kakawanda kwekukura kwekukurumidza. Spathiphyllum yakanaka yakadzika mumamiriro ekupisa. Kuti ugadzirise mamiriro akadaro, chengetedza muti wacho nemashoko akajeka uye nguva nenguva ventilate "greenhouse".
Kubereka. Iyo spatiphyllums inowedzera vegetatively nekuparadzanisa rhizomes uye cuttings.
Nzira yekubereka mbeu dzinoshandiswa mumwaka wegore, kuitora mumvura ine mvura. Inokurudzirwa kuumba miniteplike. Mushure mekugadzirwa kwe rootlets, miti yakasimwa mune imwe nyika inosanganisira: 1 chikamu che peat uye 1 mashizha, 0.5 chikamu chevhu sod, 0.5 zvikamu zvejecha.
Nzira yekuparadzanisa rhizome inonyanya kuitwa mukati megore panguva yekufambisa, iyo yakakurudzirwa kutonhora ndeye 20-21C. Chimiro chine simba pasi pevhu rhizome, iyo iri nyore kugoverwa kuita zvikamu, uye chikamu chimwe nechimwe chakatakura mashizha 2-3. Iyo shfupi yakaderedzwa inoita hutsva hukura, matavi, mashizha mashoma anooneka. Kuchengetedza kuti gwenzi harina kunyanya kudarika, rakakamurwa kuva zvikamu kuitira kuti rimwe nerimwe rive nekukura kumwe chete uye nzvimbo ye rhizome. Midzi yakadzika midzi yakasimwa mu 12-16 cm mashopu mu substrate inotarisirwa nearoids. Inosanganisira humus, pasi risina kuvharwa pasi, jecha uye peat mune chiyero che1: 1: 0.5: 1. Zvinokurudzirwa kuwedzera zvidimbu zvezvimedu zvakaputsika zvidhinha, marasha, zvidimbu zvemuti wemuti uye yakaoma mullein. Dzimwe nguva musanganiswa weimwe shanduro inoshandiswa: coniferous, mashizha pasi, peat, humus uye jecha (2: 2: 2: 2: 1) kana coniferous, mashizha, humus, peat uye jecha (2: 4: 1: 1: 1) zvimedu zvemarara.
Zvidumbu : spider mites, cannabis, aphids.