Nhoroondo yezvakabva mumutauro
Mhemberero yeByedermeier yakabva muzana remakore rechigumi nemakumi masere muGermany, uye zita iri rakapiwa mukukudza komudetembi akakurumbira Ludwig Aikhrodt, uyo akapfeka pseudonym Gottlieb Biedermeier. Akanga ane munhu mumwe anofadza - mudzidzisi wekuchikoro kubva kumapurovhinzi, uyo akasiyana mukuravira kwake kwephilistine uye philistine zvaanoda uye akazara zvakakwana nehupenyu hwake. Iyi maitiro akazvisimbisa kwazvo muAustria neGermany, zvose muupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye mune unyanzvi. Kuremera kwezvakaitika ndezvekuti muEurope uye nanhasi ndeyomutauro weBeedermeier nemhando yekunyepedzera, zvinofungidzirwa kuti chimiro chacho chakagadzirirwa vanhu vane maitiro ekudzidzira maitiro ekuderera uye kutsika pasi maitiro.
MuRussia Biedermeier yakaonekwa munguva yePushkin. Uye kunyange zvazvo philistine uzivi hwemutauro uyu wakanga usina kufanana nemafungiro epanguva yacho, muRussia muByedermeier chimiro chakaratidzirwa mukati meimba yevanokudzwa, vagari venhaka uye kunyange dzimba dzemadzimambo.
Biedermeier akachinja pathos chimiro uye akazosimbiswa nekuda kwekunyaradzwa kwemuzinda, zvinhu zvekumba nekunyaradza.
Kunyatsotaura, chimiro ichi chakaonekwa zvakare nekuda kwekutsvaga chokwadi cheupenyu huse uye tsika, runyararo uye runyararo. Uye mune ramangwana, chimiro ichi chava muenzaniso wekushaiwa mari, unogona kudzokorora tsanangudzo, mukati mechokwadi.
Maitiro emazuva ano emaitiro
Kunyanya nzvimbo dzakawanda dzimba munyika yedu dzine nzvimbo duku, asi dzinosangana nezvinodiwa zveByedermeier. Saka, chirevo ichi chinonyanya kufarirwa nhasi, zvisinei, muEurope chete. Munyika yedu, hazvina kugamuchirwa uye kunzwisiswa, zvakadaro, kuchibata nechimwe rudzi rwekuzvidzwa, kuchichitumidza kuti chiGermany kana chiduku-bourgeois.
Zvisinei, hatifaniri kufungidzira kuti Biedermeier chimiro hachirevi chero ruzivo rwekuita. Biedermeier inosanganisira kwete zvekusarerekera chete uye kuzvininipisa, asiwo kugadzikana, izvo vakawanda vanofanira kutora. Biedermeier haisi iyo inonyangadza yemaphilistine style, iyo isingabatsiri, mashandisi ezvino uye vagadziri vanoshandisa zvakanaka chaizvo. Mune chimiro ichi, gadzira dzimba dzekugara - dzimba, dzimba, mahotera, mapafiri uye mitsuwa. Mukuwedzera kumwero, chimiro chinounza hutano kune chero chinangwa uye chinokubvumira kuita kuti imba yacho ive yakanaka uye inofadza.
Style space
Biedermeier isimboti yevanhu vanoita zvematongerwo enyika iyo haisati inomira chero zvidimbu pahupamhi hwemakamuri, maitiro emasuo nemahwindo uye kukwirira kwedenga. Interiors yakaitwa mumutauro weByedermeier haigoni kuzvirumbidza. Izvo zviri nani zvakanaka, laconic uye dzepedyo, dzinobatanidza zviyero zvakaenzana, mazwi asina kukwana uye mafomu akareruka. Kuwanda kwemaitiro, zviduku zvakakosha, chiedza chakajeka uye nzvimbo - izvi zvose zvinobatsira kusimbisa mamiriro ehugare uye kubudirira kwepfuma.
Maitiro emukati maitiro mukati meByedermeier chimiro ndeyotevera:
- Shandisa mazhenje akadziya (tsvuku, bhuruu);
- Pedza kuita chero ruvara, asi zvinoreva kuti iwe unofungidzira;
- Pamadziro anotora purojekiti yakajeka kana ruvara ruduku;
- Tarisa pane fenicha uye mifananidzo yakajeka;
- Denga racho rinoumbwa nematanda uye rakafukidzwa nemakateti asina kunaka.
Simba style
Simba remutauro uyu zvinofanira kunyatsoenderana zvavanoda uye zvine basa, zvinoita uye zvinonyaradza. Mushure mekuonekwa uye kugoverwa kweBeedermeier kwakatevera, fesheni yose yakanga yakasiyana nemhando yepamusoro yekuveza, iyo isingagoni kutaurwa pamusoro pehomwe dzemazuva ano. Unyanzvi plywood, ikozvino-wakazara, akasimbisa kunaka kwemuvara wemuti uye maitiro ayo.
Pakutanga kwemazuva ekugadzirisa nguva yeByedermeier, makabati uye mabhesheni ndiyo yakakurumbira kune fenicha dzose. Zvakanga zvakasiyana mumitsetse yakaoma, kusava nekushongedza uye kukwirira kwemafomu. Panguva iyo yaive yakajairika yaiva fenicha ine mabasa akawanda. Kumatafura aiva nemapuranga emapuranga, kutasva mabwendefa, zvipfeko zvekuputika zvakanga zvichishungurudza. Kuzivikanwa kwakakurumbira kunowanikwa panguva iyoyo nekukanda sofas, uye girazi raioneka zvikava mafashoni ezvinhu zvemukati.
Imidziyo yenyika yemazuva ano yakazara zvakakwana nemhando yeByedermeier, sezvo chirevo chayo chikuru chinoshanda. Kuti kusiyanisa pakati pemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinhu zvakadai seimba inenge isingabviri.Iyo inonyanya kukosha ndeye kubatana kwemasikirwo.Ukubatanidza kwemafesheni akadaro kunogona kuonekwa kune zvakakodzera, sezvo inofanirana nezvose zvinodiwa zvinoita uye inogadzirisa imwe nyaradzo. Tinogona kutaura kuti midziyo yose yakashongedzwa yenguva yedu, iyi Biedermeier style furniture.
Detailed Details
Mukuwedzera kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogadziriswa uye feniti inoshanda, mararamiro eBeedermeier ane rimwe rutivi rwakasiyana-siyana. Kazhinji izvi zviri nyore zvakakwana mumvura, zviyeuchidzo uye mifananidzo yakasiyana-siyana. Nokuti Biedermeier chimiro chinoratidzwa nekuvapo kwenhamba yakawanda yemifananidzo inosungirirwa pamadziro uye kuisa pamapfupa kana mashefu mumapurani chaiwo.
Velvet maketeni pamahwindo, nhamba yakawanda yemaruva pamusoro peyendarira, yakawanda moto moto - zvose izvi chikamu chinokosha chemukati, chakaitwa nenzira yeByedermeier. Nenzira, zvingava zvisina kunaka kuyeuka kuti nguva yeBeedermeier yakakwanisa kutipa zvinhu zvakakosha zvezvirimwa zvemukati, izvo zvinonzi jardinierkami mune imwe nzira.Asi uye pasinei neizvi, Biedermeier inopesana nezvose zvakanyanyisa mukugadzira mukati.