Kwakave mazuva apo zvaive zvakakodzera kuchinja boka remakemikari nemichina yakasiyana-siyana kuti vawane mufananidzo - nyika yakatumirwa kudijiti yekudhijita. Iyi nzira inobatsira uye yakanakisisa yekuwana chimiro chepamusoro pamapepa inoita kuti zvive nyore kutora zviitiko zvose zvinokosha muupenyu kana kuti nguva dzakanaka. Nhasi, anenge munhu wose ane kamera ye digital. Zvisinei, havasi vose vanoziva maitiro maduku anokubvumira kutora mufananidzo wemifananidzo yakajeka. Kupikisa ndeyechokwadi chaiyo nemaziso ako.
Ungasarudza sei kamera?
Kutanga, iyo ikamera yakanakisisa kusarudza. Chokutanga pane zvose, nyatsoteerera ku-parameter - nhamba yepiksekisi pamatrikisi. Pamusoro peizvi zvinoenderana nehukuru uye hukuru hwechifananidzo chakadhindwa munguva yemberi. Somuenzaniso, nokuda kwechimiro chakanaka che10x15, unofanira kuva nekhamera yakakura ye1200x1800 pixels, iyo inenge 2.2 megapixels. Kuti ushandure chinyorwa che13x18, unoda kamera ine uwandu hweanenge 3.5 Megapixels (anenge 1600x2200 pixels). Vakawanda vanogadzira makamera havaratidzi hukuru chaihwo hwematrice, asi hukuru hwokuti kamera inogona kukura, vachishandisa nzira inokosha. Ichokwadi, hakuzovi nekushandiswa kwakakura kubva kuhukuru. Nhamba huru yeMegapixel haigoni kuvimbisa kuti chifananidzo chichave chepamusoro. Izvo zvinowanikwa kune zvimwe zvakawanda zvidimbu, kusanganisira hutano hwematrice.
Hapana chinodarika chikamu chakakosha iyo inogona kubudiswa kwema digital (Zoom). Kukosha kwayo kunotsanangurwa nemusiyano pakati pehuwandu uye hukuru hukuru hwehurefu. Kukura kunogona kuva optical (nemhaka yemarenzi) uye digital (nekuda kwekugadzira software). Mhando yakanakisisa inowanikwa chete nemifananidzo ine optical magnification.
Mirror.
Munhu wose akanzwa pamusoro pezvinonzi "zvioni". Kamera dzakadaro dzinokubvumira kuti uone chinyorwa kwete chete chematrice, uyewo pane chinyorwa chinokosha, kureva, nemaziso ako. Zvisinei, kana iwe usingadi kuisa pfungwa uye nguva dzose uchishandisa automatic mode, izvi hazvibatsiri iwe. Mukuwedzera, "SLRs" inokubvumira kushandisa zvimwe pamwe-zvinogona kuchinja. Asi kana iwe uine zvishoma mumatauriro uye usina chido chekutsvaga muzvinhu zvose zvisinganzwisisiki zvekugadzira mifananidzo, unogona kuzviisa kune imwe kamu kamera.
Focal length.
Chinhu chekutanga chinotarisa meso ako pamifananidzo yekutambiya ndiyo yakashata yakareba urefu. Kana iwe uchida kubvisa chimwe chinhu, iwe unofanira kutama, izvi zvinoreva kuti kamera yako ine urefu hukuru hwepamusoro. Makamera akadaro anokwanisa kutema zvinhu zvisiri kure. Nehupamhi hwepamusoro, iyi parameter inowirirana zvikuru nekamera, sechinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Paunenge uchigadzirisa iyi manyore, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kusarudza chimwe chinhu chiri mberi, sarudza kukosha kwemafuro. Pamusoro pekukosha kwepamusoro, kukoshesa kuchashandiswa kusvika munharaunda yose. Iyi mitemo inowanzoshandiswa pakupfura mifananidzo kana zvimwe zvinhu, izvo zvaunoda kubhadhara.
Iyo inotevera parameter iyo inokosha kana kuwana chifananidzo ndicho chivharo chekutanga. Inokubvumira kubvuta chimwe chinhu chinofamba kubva kuhuwandu hwemazana kana kupa hurukuro chinhu chinoshamisa chekufamba. Muchiitiko ichi, iwe unofanirwa kuedza nekuvhara nekukurumidza kwema 60 uye kwenguva refu.
Imwe ISO kana kunzwisisika kwematrice. Iyo yakakwirira iyi nhamba, iduku duku kujekesa kwechidzidzo chekupfura. Iwe unogona kuisa slower shutter speed. Zvisinei, rinofanira kutarirwa mupfungwa kuti nekunzwisisa kukuru, mapikicha anova "grainy", saka usatorwa nepfuti paIOO huru.
Flash.
Kwete vatsigiri vemazuva ano ekuwana zvikwiriso zvepamusoro-pfupi mumhepo yakadzika ndiyo flash. Zvinosuruvarisa, mhepo inoita kuti chifananidzo chiri mumifananidzo chiwedzere. Muchiitiko ichi, unogona kuedza kupfura pane imwe kona, iyo ichakubvumira kuti uone mumvuri. Vanhu vazhinji pavanotora mapepa nemafungiro asina ruzivo akavharwa neruoko rwake, saka iwe unofanirwa kutevera nekudzivisa zvikanganiso zvakadaro.
Zvimwe zvirongwa.
Pane huwandu hwemasarudzo, nekuda kwaunogona kuita vashomanana kukurudzira uye kuvandudza mufananidzo. Somuenzaniso, mumazuva ano makamera ejeri akaonekwa basa rakadai semuenzaniso wakachena. Kutenda kwaro, iwe unogona kuvandudza unhu hwemufananidzo pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ekuputira akasiyana, somuenzaniso, kunze, mukati mechiedza chemafandescent kana kuti mwenje ye fluorescent. Kazhinji kacho kazhinji kazhinji zvakakwana zvinowanikwa. Zvisinei, kana uchida kuzadzisa zviitiko zvakakosha, edza kuedza nekugadzirisa iyi.
Kana iwe usati wati wanyatsoongorora "maitiro" ekufambisa kamera yako, unofanira kufungisisa kuti vazhinji vavo vane ma-preset modes for shooting under certain conditions, semu "beach", "chando", "sangano", "mbeu". Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti uite chinyamupinyi chinonyanya kubudirira pasi pemamiriro ekugadziriswa. Pawakasvika pakuziva, chii chisiko, uye nyika inotamba nemitambo mitsva.
Kuti uve nomufananidzo wakanaka zvakakosha kusarudza kuumbwa kwakarurama kwemufurati, ndiko kuti, chii chauchazopfura, somuenzaniso, chaiwo chaiwo chenyika. Semuenzaniso, kana chinhu chekuyemura iwe chive chekuvakira, edza kuronga kuitira kuti zvose zvayo zvinonakidza zvigone kuonekwa, chinhu chacho chaive pakati pekimiriro kana kuti chakamira zvakanaka zvakatarisana nechemberi kwenharaunda yakatarisana. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti mumutambo hauna kuwana vaeni, iwe hauna kuronga kupfura.
Experience.
Usaora mwoyo kana mifananidzo yekutanga yawakagamuchira isiri yakakodzera. Nyika chaiyo mumifananidzo haisi iyo ingadai yakaita sei. Zvose unyanzvi hunokosha hunova neruzivo, naizvozvo chinhu chikuru chaunoda kuita ndotora mifananidzo. Ratidza mifananidzo pane maforamu, vadzidzisi uye vadzidzisi, iwe uchawana mazano anokosha uye mazano akanaka. Iwe unogona kuvandudza unyanzvi hwako kwete kwete iwe pachako, asiwo pane zvidzidzo zvakakosha. Vadzidzisi vemifananidzo vanozokuratidza maitiro ekutanga ekupikisa uye vachadzidza kuwana mifananidzo yakakwirira iyo inogara ichifadza kwete iwe chete, asi hama dzako neshamwari.