Biography yaLeonid Gaidai

Gaidai's biography yakatanga musi waJanuary 30, 1923. Zvadaro mhuri yaLeonid Gaidai yaigara muguta reSvobodny muAmur Region. Baba Leonid vaiva Poltava. Amai Gaidai vanobva munzvimbo yeRyazan. Leonid's biography ingadaro yakange yakasiyana kana ikasava ye talenta yake. Baba vaLeonid vakange vari vashandi vanofambisa. Amai Gaidai vakanga vane mutsa zvikuru uye vanyoro. Aifarira murume wake nevana vake, avo vaaiva navo vatatu. Nhoroondo yeLĂ©onid Gaidai inotaura kuti akanga ari muduku kudarika mumhuri. Mutungamiriri aivawo nehanzvadzi nehanzvadzi: Alexander naAugustine.

Apo mukomana wacho akanga ari muduku zvikuru, nhoroondo yeLeonid Gaidai ndiye wokutanga-mhuri yake yakatamira kuChita. Ipapo vakange vari muIrikutsk, ipapo mumusha weGlazkovo. Somwana, biidai yaBaidai yakabatana nenyaya dzevana vakawanda vemumusha. Vakararama pane zvakashata, vachiedza kuwana zvishomanana. Asi, zvisinei, baba vaLoidid vaigara vaine pfungwa yekuseka uye havana kumborega.

Kana tikataura pamusoro pezvidzidzo, bhaidai's biography inotitaurira kuti mushure mechikoro iye akapinda chikoro chezvitima. Aifanira kuita izvi kubatsira mhuri. Kunyange zvazvo, kubva paudiki, Leonid aida mafirimu. Musi weSvondo aigara achienda kumafirimu, akatarisa mafirimu pamusoro pe Chapaev. Zvechokwadi, mukomana uyu akanga asina mari yakawanda, saka pakati pezvirongwa akavanza pasi pezvigaro kuti aende kunotevera kuona.

Gaidai akapedza chikoro kare hondo isati yatanga. Zvechokwadi, kufanana nevana vakawanda vezera rake, aida kupinda muuto nechido, asi havana kutora murume, achitaura kuti aifanira kumirira zvishomanana. Nokudaro, Gaidai akatanga kushanda mumitambo yeIrkutsk. Panguva iyoyo pavakashanyira kuIrkutsk kwaiva musangano wekuMoscow wokuMoscow. Leonid aiva nerombo kuona vanhu vakadai seHenkin, Lepko, Paul, Doronin, Slonova, Tusuzov. Nemhaka yezviito zvemasondo, yemitambo yakagara muIrkutsk. Gaidai aifamba navo pachitarisiko, akatarisa maitiro ose uye zuva rega rega uye akawanda akazobatwa nechishuwo chekuzvipira kumitambo uye cinema. Iye pachake akaitamba mumitambo yemamate muImba yeMasangano uye vazhinji vakaona kuti mukomana ane tarenda.

Muna 1942, Gaidai achiri kupinda muuto. Pakutanga, akashanda muMongolia, asi aifunga kuti zvakanga zvisina kururama uye kunyara. Mutungamiriri wemangwana aida kudzivirira nyika yake. Apo chikamu chemasoja chakasvika mberi, Gaidai akakurumidza kuenda kumapoka ose uye mibvunzo yose yakapindurwa ne "I". Yaiva nguva ino, yakashandurwa chete, iye akazoiswa mufirimu ye "Operation Y", apo mupurisa anodana nzvimbo yacho kuti aite basa uye anokumbira kumubatsira.

Pane imwe nguva mberi, Gaidai aiwanzoenda kumushure wevavengi ndokutora rurimi rwake. Akapiwa mamiriyoni mazhinji. Uyu murume ave achitya uye asingatyi. Akanga ane mavanga akawanda, anofanira kunge akachera gumbo rake, asi Leonid akanga atozviona semutambi uye akarwisana kusvikira pakuguma kuti aporese pasina kupiwa. Akapedza nguva refu muzvipatara, akatambura mabasa akawanda. Mukuguma, Gaidai achiri kuisa tsoka dzake, asi, zvisinei, kukuvadzwa kwakapindura kuhutano hwake hupenyu hwake hwose.

Mushure mehondo, Leonid akadzokera kumusha kwake Irkutsk. Makore maviri aaiita mumitambo yemunharaunda uye yakanga iri kubudirira. Asi Leonid ainyanya kuzvizvidza uye akanzwisisa kuti kubudirira kwake pano hakuna chinhu. Saka, muna 1949 Gaidai akaenda kuMoscow. Haana kutaurira tsamba "p", akanga ari munyoro kwazvo uye akadzikama jaya. Asi, zvisinei, tarenda yake yakakwanisa kurova komiti yekugamuchira yeVGIK. Zvose zvemakore ekudzidzisa vadzidzisi vanoyemura Gaydai. Vaifarira pfungwa yake yekuseka, kukwanisa kutamba mitambo yakasiyana-siyana. Gaidai aiva netarenda chaiyo. Asi, pakutanga pacho, nekuda kwejokes, akadzingwa kubva kuchikoro chekudzidzisa kuti haana kukodzera basa. Zvisinei, mukomana uyu aikwanisa kunyengetedza hutungamiri ndokudzorera iyo, achitarisa nguva yekuongorora.

Paaidzidza paVGIK, Gaydai akasangana nemukadzi waaigara naye pamwe chete. Yaiva Nina Grebeshkova. Akanga ari muduku kudarika Gaidai kwemakore masere uye akanga ane nyadzi dzejaya iro rakanga raona zvakawanda muupenyu uye rakanga rapfuura nepamberi. Nokudaro, pamwe naye, aigara achinyunguduka, akadzora uye haana kuziva chaaizoti. Pasina nguva vakaroorana, vakaroora imba, vaine mwanasikana Oksana. Ichokwadi, Leonid akakanganiswa kwenguva refu nokuti mudzimai wake akanga asingadi kutora zita rake. Asi, zvisinei, akaramba achizvipira kune izvi ndokuda Nina wake kusvikira zuva rokupedzisira.

Mumufirimu, Gaidai akatanga kutora mafirimu mumakumi mashanu. Akaridza mumafirimu "Liang" uye "Wind". Asi mushure mezvo Gaidai akaziva kuti aisafarira kutamba, asi kuti atungamirire. Kubva muna 1955, Leonid Gaidai akatove akanyorwa seumwe wevatungamiriri veMosfilm. Akakurumidza kuona tarenda yemutungamiriri wekodhesi, pasinei nokuti iyo firimu yake yekutanga yakanga isiri yemhanzi. Mafirimu ekutanga aGaidai akanga asingazivikanwi zvikuru. Chinhu ichi ndechekuti Gaidai aisada kupfura chimwe chinhu icho zviremera zvinofanira kuda. Aida kuseka pamatambudziko evanhu. Mapurisa akatora mifananidzo yake nechisimba. Paakaedza kutora zvinyorwa zvemasimba, akaziva kuti haagoni kuita basa iri. Kwenguva yakati, Gaidai ainyanya kunetseka pamusoro peizvi, asi ipapo ruzivo rwakamuseka paari. Zvose zvakaitika apo Leonid akasarudza kuenda kuvabereki vake muIrkutsk. Ikoko akangoerekana awana feuilleton "The Dog of Barbos". Ndiye iye akazova chikonzero chemufirimu "Imbwa yeWatchdog uye Muchinjikwa Usingawanzoiti". Gaidai akawana chimwe chinhu chaifarira uye chikavhiringidza vateereri - akazarura utatu hwakanaka: Coward, Balbes, Experienced. Mushure mezvo, kufarirwa kwaGaidai kwakatanga kukura chaizvo pamberi pedu. Akaita mafirimu ayo vanhu vose veSoviet vakaseka, kunyange avo vakanga vane vakuru vakuru. Gaidai akava mumwe wevatungamiri vanodiwa zvikuru veSoviet space. Gaidai aizivikanwa semudzidzisi wemakwikwi. Asi mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake akanga asingachazivikanwi zvakare. Mafirimu ake eperestroika haana kufara kwakadai sekutanga. Asi, zvisinei, Gaydai akaramba akafara, sezvo paiva nemudzimai ari pedyo uyo asina kumusiya. Akanga achifara, asina kufananidzwa kuhupenyu, Nina akazvinzwisisa izvi, nguva dzose akabatsira nekusigirwa. Akanga anaye kusvika pakufa kwake kwekupedzisira, musi waNovember wegumi nematatu, 1993, Gaydai akafa nekuda kwekuvhara mumapapu.